Term
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Definition
| an initial baseline phase (A) until steady state responding is obtained, an intervention phase in which the treatment condition (B) is implemented until the behavior has changed and steady responding is obtained, and a return to baseline conditions (A) by withdrawing the independent variable to see whether responding "reverses" to levels observed in initial baseline phase |
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Term
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Definition
| an initial baseline phase (1) until stead state responding is obtained, (2) an initial ntervention phase in which the treatment variable (B) is implemented until the behavior has changed and steady responding is obtained, (3) a return to baseline conditions (A) by withdrawing the independent variable to see whether responding "reverses" to levels observed in initial baseline phase, and (4) a second intervention phase (B) see whether initial treatment effects are replicated |
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Term
| Alternating Treatment Designs |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a design that begins with the treatment condition. After steady state responding has been obtained during the initial treatment phase (B) the treatment variable is withdrawn (A) to see whether responding changes in the absence of the independent variable. The treatment variable is then reintroduced (B) in an attempt to recapture the level of responding obtained during the first treatment phase. |
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Term
| DRI/DRA Reversal Technique |
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Definition
| demonstrates the effects of reinforcement, uses DRI or DRA as a control condition instead of a no-reinforcement (baseline) condition, shows more of a contingent relationship rather than a present or absent relationship |
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Term
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Definition
| demonstrates the effects of reinforcement, uses DRO as a control condition instead of a no-reinforcement (baseline) condition, shows more of a contingent relationship rather than a present or absent relationship |
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Term
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Definition
| An experimental design in which two or more conditions (one of which may be a no-treatment control condition) are presented in rapidly alternating succession (e.g., on alternating sessions or days) independent of the level of responding; differences in responding between or among conditions are attributed to the effects of the conditions. |
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Term
| multiple treatment interference |
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Definition
| the confounding effects of one treatment on a subject's behavior being influenced by the effects of another treatment administered in the same study |
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Term
| multiple treatment reversal design |
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Definition
| ny experimental design that uses the experimental methods and logic of the reversal tactic to compare the effects of two or more experimental conditions to baseline and/or to one another |
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Term
| Non-contingent Reinforcement (NCR) Reversal Technique |
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Definition
| uses NCR as a control condition instead of a no-reinforcement (baseline) condition; this shows that if the behavior changes it is b/c of the contingency, not the contact with the reinforcement |
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Term
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Definition
| Any experimental design in which the researcher attempts to verify the effect of the independent variable by reversing responding to a level obtained in a previous condition; encompasses experimental designs in which the independent variable is withdrawn (ABA) or reversed in its focus. |
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Term
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Definition
| A term used by some authors as a synonym for A-B-A-B design; also used to describe experiments in which an effective treatment is sequentially or partially withdrawn to promote the maintenance of behavior changes. |
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Term
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Definition
| the effects on a subjects behavior in a given condition that are the result of the subject's experience with a prior condition. |
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Term
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Definition
| a level of behavior observed in an earlier phase cannot be reproduced even though the experimental conditions are the same as they were during an earlier phase. Consider DRI/DRA reversal design, multiple baseline design. |
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