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Definition
| a material in which the total strain developed has elastic and viscous components, part of the total strain recovers similar to elastic strain, some part recovers over a period of time ...typically this term is used for metallic materials |
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| application of a force to the center of a bar that is supported on each end to determine the resistance of the material to a static or slowly applied load, used a lot for brittle materials |
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| the temperature below which a material behaves in a brittle manner in an impact test, the ductile to brittle switch over also depends on strain rate |
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| deformation of a material that is recovered instantaneously when the applied load is removed |
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| fully and instantaneously recoverable strain in a material |
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| the amount that a material deforms per unit length in a tensile test |
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| the applied load or force divided by the origninal cross sectional area of the material |
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| an instrument used to measure change in legnth of a tensile specimen, thus allowing the calculation of strain |
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| the stress required to fracture a specimen in a bend test |
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| the resistance of a material to failure in the presence of a flaw |
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| measures the resistance of a material to penetration by a sharp object, common tests include Brinell, Rockwell, Knoop and Vickers |
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| the relationship between stress and strain in the elastic portion of the stress strain curve |
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| the energy required to fracture a standard specimen whent the load is applied suddenly |
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| energy absorbed by a material, usually notched during fracture under the conditions of an impact test |
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| overall bulk hardness of materials measured using loads > 2N, leaves a visible indention on the material |
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| hardness of materials typically measured using loads less than 2N using such a test as Knoop, does not leave an indention on the material that can be seen by the naked eye |
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| Modulus of Elasticity (E) |
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Definition
| Young's modulus, or the slope of the linear portion of the stress strain curve in the elastic region, it is a measure of the stiffness of a material and depends on the strength of the interatomic bonds |
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| Modulus of Resilience (Er) |
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Definition
| the maximum elastic energy absorbed by a material when a load is applied, also the area under the elastic portion of the stress-strain curve |
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| local deformation causing a reduction in the cross sectional area of a tensile specimen, many ductile materials show this behavior, the engineering stress begins to decrease at the onset of this |
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| a value of strain (eg 0.002) used to obtain the offset yield stress value |
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| a stress value obtained graphically that describes the stress that gives no more than a specified amount of plastic deformation, most useful for designing components |
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Definition
| the total percentage increase in the length of a specimen during a tensile test |
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| Percent Reduction in Area |
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Definition
| permanent deformation of a material when a load is applied then removed |
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| a qualitative measure of the elastic deformaiton produced in a material, a stiff material has a high modulus of elaticity, also depends on geometry |
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| a device used for measuring change in length and hence strain |
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Definition
| the stress that corresponds to the maximum load in a tensile test |
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Definition
| a material in which the total strain developed has elastic and viscousl components, part of the total strain recovers similar to elastic strain, some part recovers over a period of time. |
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Definition
| the slope fo the linear portion of the stress strain curve in the elastic region same as modulus of elasticity |
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