Term
|
Definition
| skeletal and muscular system combine to form the _____ system |
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Term
|
Definition
| how many bones in the body? |
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Term
|
Definition
| bones and muscles work together to ____ the body and produce _____ |
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Term
|
Definition
| function in support of soft internal organs, storage of mineral salts, production of blood cells within red bone marrow, and serve as attachment site for muscles |
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Term
|
Definition
| each _____ and _____ is an organ |
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Term
CT
skeletal myo tissue and CT |
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Definition
| bones are composed mostly of _____; muscles composed mainly of ______ |
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Term
|
Definition
| function in producing body movement and regulating body temp |
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Term
|
Definition
| branch of medicine focusing on diseases of musculoskeletal system |
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Term
|
Definition
| often first symptom of joint or bone disease |
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Term
|
Definition
| common complaint following injury to a joint |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| inability to coordinate muscles during a voluntary reaction |
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Term
|
Definition
| sign of NS disorder that is often inherited |
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Term
|
Definition
| sign of reduction in muscle size |
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Term
|
Definition
| lack of movement leads to a reduction in muscle strength due to disuse, causing _____ |
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Term
|
Definition
| clinical sign of an underlying bone, muscle, or nervous disorder |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| clinical sign that is the abnormal reduction of calcium in bone |
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Term
|
Definition
| often caused by a hormonal disorder upsetting the calcium balance b/t the bloodstream and bone |
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Term
|
Definition
| can be treated with a combo of hormonal therapy, a diet rich in calcium and vitamin D and mild exercise |
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Term
|
Definition
| condition of bad, abnormal, painful, or difficult motion |
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Term
|
Definition
| difficulty in movement is a common sign of a ______ |
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Term
|
Definition
| general term to describe a deformity arising during development |
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Term
|
Definition
| a sign of a congenital disease that occurs in different forms |
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Term
|
Definition
| sign of excessive muscle growth or development |
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Term
|
Definition
| muscle hypertrophy is produced by the addition of ____ to muscle fibers, which is stimulated by strenuous muscle activity |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| caused by the buildup of lactic acid in the muscle tissue during strenuous exercise |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| common symptom of "weekend athletes": people who work inactive jobs during the workweek and become very active on their days off |
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Term
|
Definition
| chronic forms of myalgia usually suggest an underlying ______ |
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Term
|
Definition
| usually indicates minor injury to one or more tendons, often lasting weeks or months |
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Term
|
Definition
| if ____ is intense, may indicate taring of the tendons that requires medical intervention |
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Term
|
Definition
| an ind. with abnormally short limbs and stature |
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Term
|
Definition
| without cartilage formation |
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Term
|
Definition
| disease that causes dwarfism |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| joints are abnormall stiff, movement is difficult |
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Term
|
Definition
| a condition that may follow another disease, such as arthritis |
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Term
|
Definition
| general disorder resulting in inflammation and degeneration of a joint |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| common condition as people age, in which the joint structures become worn over time and gradually replaced by bone |
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|
Term
| rheumatoid arthritis (RA) |
|
Definition
| autoimmune disease in which joint structures become eroded by the action of the body's own WBCs |
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Term
|
Definition
| the articular cartilage within synovial joints undergoes inflammation, resulting in joint pain during movements |
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Term
|
Definition
| unlike arthritis, usually a temporary condition caused by a localized infection |
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Term
|
Definition
| abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the big toe |
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Term
|
Definition
| caused by an inflammation of a bursa near the big toe |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| calcium deposit within a bursa of the foot |
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Term
|
Definition
| diagnosis confirmed with an X-ray and us typically surgically removed |
|
|
Term
| carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) |
|
Definition
| characterized by inflammation of the wrist that causes pressure against the median nerve, resulting in local pain and restricted movement |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| carpal tunnel syndrome is caused by local pressure against the _____ nerve |
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Term
|
Definition
| also known as "wrist drop" |
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Term
|
Definition
| weakness of the wrist resulting in difficulty supporting the hand |
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Term
|
Definition
| painful, involuntary muscle contractions |
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|
Term
| degenerative joint disease (DJD) |
|
Definition
| general term describing a disease of joints in which the cartilage undergoes degeneration |
|
|
Term
| degenerative joint disease (DJD) |
|
Definition
| the articular cartilage degrades and is often replaced with bone |
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|
Term
| Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) |
|
Definition
| children born with a disease causing skeletal muscle degeneration, resulting in progressive muscle weakness and deterioration |
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Term
|
Definition
| area of the elbow becomes inflamed, usually due to an injury |
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Term
|
Definition
| disease of unknown origin that produces widespread pain of musculoskeletal structures of the limbs, face, and trunk |
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Term
|
Definition
| condition of pain of fibers and muscles |
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Term
|
Definition
| fibromyalgia syndrome has some evidence that it may be caused by _____ |
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Term
|
Definition
| clinical term for a break in the bone |
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Term
|
Definition
| fracture: break in the distal part of the radius |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| fracture: break resulting in fragmentation of the bone |
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Term
|
Definition
| fracture: crushed break, often due to weight or pressure applied to a bone during a fall |
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Term
|
Definition
| fracture: break causing an abnormal alignment of bone pieces |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| fracture: break at the location of the growth plate, which can affect growth of the bone |
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Term
|
Definition
| fracture: slight break in a bone that appears as a slight fissure in an X-ray |
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Term
|
Definition
| fracture: break in which the broken bones retain their alignment |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| fracture: break at the ankle that affects both bones of the leg |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| fracture: spiral-shaped break often caused by twisting stresses along a long bone |
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Term
|
Definition
| person experiences sharp pain in the joints of the toes |
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Term
|
Definition
| pain of gout is often exacerbated by a diet high in protein because the disorder is caused by an abnormal accumulation of ____ in the joints, which are waste products of protein metabolism |
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Term
|
Definition
| rupture of an intervertebral disk |
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Term
|
Definition
| most common musculoskeletal disease |
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Term
|
Definition
| a back injury caused by a sudden movement or an attempt to lift a heavy object |
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Term
|
Definition
| cause pressure against spinal nerves or the spinal cord to produce back pain |
|
|
Term
kyphosis
lordosis
scoliosis |
|
Definition
| 3 primary spinal deformities: |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| occurs when the upper thoracic curve bends posteriorly, causing an abnormal hump at the upper back that often accompanies osteoporosis |
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Term
|
Definition
| lateral curvature of the spine with a congenital origin, usually in the thoracic or lumbar regions |
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Term
|
Definition
| an exaggerated anterior spinal curve in the lumbar area |
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Term
|
Definition
| results in excessive cartilage formation at the epiphyseal plates, forming abnormally long limbs and a tall, thin body form |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| condition that also includes deformities of the heart valves, resulting in valvular heart disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| crescent-shaped band of cartilage that supports certain joints |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of a meniscus results in joint pain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| characterized by a progressive failure of muscles to respond to nerve stimulation |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| malignant tumor arising from the red bone marrow |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an injury to a muscle may cause the muscle to tear through the fascia, causing a protrusion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| common result of a muscle injury is a local inflammation |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| also called Paget's disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| results in bone deformities due to a failure of bone remodeling |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| common symptoms include severe bone pain and frequent fractures |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| oseitis deformans strikes roughly ___% of the adult population in the US |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| bone cancer arising from CT, usually within the bone itself |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| another form of malignant bone cancer arising from the cells of red bone marrow |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| inherited disease resulting in impaired bone growth and fragile bones |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| disease resulting in the softening of bone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cause is usually a hormonal imbalance, resulting in the gradual loss of calcium to bone tissue |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of red bone marrow |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of red bone marrow usually caused by a bacterial infection |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal loss of bone density |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| results in a loss of posture and flexibility |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| condition of holes in bone |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| loss of sensation or voluntary movement of the area of the body below the hips, including both legs |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| all four limbs are paralyzed |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of many muscles |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| condition caused by bacterial infection in which a group of muscles become infected and react with inflammation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bones become softened due to the excessive removal of calcium for other body functions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| disease of childhood, resulting in bowing of the legs and growth retardation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| combo of four muscles and their tendons that surround and stabilize the shoulder joint: teres minor, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| trauma to the shoulder can tear one or more tendons and muscles, resulting in local inflammation, pain, and joint dislocation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| trauma to the vertebral column |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of joints of vertebrae |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| relatively uncommon condition of intervertebral joints that leads to a gradual inability to flex and bend the back |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tear of collagen fibers within a ligament |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| usually caused by stretching the ligament beyond its normal range without warming or slow stretching |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| similar to a sprain, but a strain involves a _____ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| usually caused by stretching a muscle beyond its normal range |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| disease of the temporomandibular joint resulting in frequent dislocations that make it difficult and painful to move the jaw during speaking and chewing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of a tendon is a common sports injury and is known as ______ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a form of tendonitis that also involves inflammation of the synovial membrane surrounding the joint |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| excess fluids are aspirated through a surgical puncture into the synovial cavity of the joint |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| an abnormally stiff joint is broken during surgery to increase ROM |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical fixation of a joint |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an X-ray of the joint after injection of contract media, air, or both to highlight the synovial joint |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a joint is loosened of abnormal restrictions, such as calcium deposits and bursoliths |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an endoscopic visual examination of a joint cavity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an instrument that is used to do an endoscopic visual exam of a joint |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when arthroscopy is part of a surgery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical incision into the synovial cavity of a joint |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgery involving the removal of a bursa from a joint |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| field of therapy that is centered on manipulation of bones and joints, most commonly the vertebral column |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical excision of the cartilage associated with a joint |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical repair of cartilage associated with a joint |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgery involving the removal of a rib |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| one or more bones of the cranium undergo repair during surgery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgeon enters the cranial cavity to perform surgery of the brain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical procedure that is used frequently to reduce the pain of a herniated disk by surgically removing the intervertebral disk |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| adjacent vertebrae are fused together following removal of a disk (diskectomy) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical fixation to connect vertebrae after a diskectomy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| performed to treat a herniated disk, part of vertebra, lamina, is surgically removed to relieve pressure on the spinal cord |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| strength of a muscle contraction can be measured and recorded through this procedure ______ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical incision into the CT sheath surrounding a muscle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| treating fractures by aligning the broken bones to their normal positions |
|
|
Term
| closed fraction reduction |
|
Definition
| manipulating the bone without surgery during reduction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical intervention needed to align a bone fracture |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| during an open fraction reduction, pins, screws, rods, or plates may be used to stabilize the alignment known as ____ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| during an open fraction reduction, metal rods and pins are attached from outside the skin surface |
|
|
Term
| bone grafting, electrical bone stimulation |
|
Definition
| in the normal healing process is impeded, ____ or ____ may be applied to stimulate the healing process |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical repair of a muscle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| repair of a muscle often includes suturing the torn ends together in a procedure known as ______ |
|
|
Term
| nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs) |
|
Definition
| most common pharmacological treatment for any condition, including inflammation/pain of muscle or bone tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| field of medical support involving the construction and fitting of orthopedic appliances to assist a patient |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| medical term for an artificial limb |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical removal, or excision, of bone tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| performed to remove unwanted bony formations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a bone is purposely broken to correct a defect or an improperly healed fracture |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| medical field that emphasizes the relationship b/t the musculoskletal system and overall health with an emphasis on body alignment and nutrition |
|
|
Term
| osteopath or osteopathic surgeon |
|
Definition
| physician trained in osteopathy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| general procedure for a surgical repair of bone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| specialty that focuses on foot health |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical procedure involving the repair of both muscle and tendon |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| suturing of a tendon to close a tear |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a tenorraphy often includes the _____ procedure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| one or more incisions are made into a tendon |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical procedure that repairs damaged or diseased vertebrae |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
abbrev:
anterior cruciate ligament |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
abbrev:
carpal tunnel syndrome |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
abbrev:
degenerative joint disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
abbrev:
duchenne muscular dystrophy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
abbrev:
physician specializing in osteopathy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
abbrev:
herniated muscle pulposus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
abbrev:
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
abbrev:
rheumatoid arthritis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
abbrev:
spinal cord injury |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
abbrev:
total hip replacement |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
abbrev:
total knee arthoplasty |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
abbrev:
total knee replacement |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
abbrev:
temporomandibular joint |
|
|
