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Ch. 5, L1-2 Struggle to found colonies
Struggle to found colonies
38
Social Studies
5th Grade
02/03/2013

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Term
Why did Queen Elizabeth I and England want to establish colonies in North America?
Definition
England's rulers watched as their rival, Spain, established vast new colonies. In addition, they hoped to GOLD and other natural resources in N. America
Term
Where was England's first attempt to starting a colony in N. America ? Why did the colonist returned to England within one year?
Definition

Roanoke Island

They were starving.

Term
Who organized the first attempt to establish an English colony in N America and in what year?
Definition
Walter Raleigh in 1585
Term
Who organized the second attempt and in what year? Why did they returned to England for help?
Definition
John White in 1587. They ran out of supplies.
Term
Why could England not give any supplies to White?
Definition
They were at war with spain and could not spare any ships to send supplies to the colony.
Term
How long did it take White to return to Roanoke and what did he find when he got there?
Definition
3 years in 1590, Everyone had disappeared. He found the word CROATOAN carved into a tree.
Term
Since the mystery of the colonist at Roanoke remained unsolved, what was the Roanoake Island settlement known as?
Definition
The Lost Colony
Term
Why did Spain's King Philip II decide to attack England? provide two reasons
Definition

1. He was angered by England's attempt to build a colony in N. American.

2. The English ships were stealing from them.

Term
Who was one of England's most famous captain and what did the Spanish called him?
Definition

Francis Drake,

Master Thief

Term
What is the name of the huge fleet of war ships assembled by King Phillip in 1588 to attack England?
Definition
Spanish Armada;
Term
Who won the Battle of the Spanish Armada? What did this victory do for ENGLAND's reputation?
Definition

England, 

Victory made them known as one of the world's most powerful nations.

Term
Name two items needed by the Virginia Company before it could build a settlement in Virginia.
Definition

1.Charter,

2.Stock

Term
What is a Charter?
Definition
a document that allowed colonist to settle on land claimed by their ruler.
Term
How did the owners of the Virginia Company raise money?
Definition
They sold stocks.
Term
What is a Stock and how did this benefit each person who bought stock?
Definition
Shares in a company; each person would earn a profit if the colony was successful
Term
What is the name of the settlement on a peninsula in the James River in Virginia and in what year?
Definition
Jamestown, 1607
Term
Why was Jamestown not the best place to start a colony?
Definition

1. The land was swampy and low.

2. The air was full of diseases carried by mosquitoes.

3. The river water was not health to drink, making many people sick.

Term
Why did men begin dying of starvation and disease?
Definition
All they did was dig for gold.
Term
How did life change for the remaining colonist after John Smith was elected leader of the Jamestown colony?
Definition
They built houses and dug wells for fresh water.
Term
What happened to the colonist in 1609 when John Smith returned home to England about two years after the founding of Jamestown?
Definition
They suffered without his leadership. Many people died of hunger because they went back to digging gold.
Term
List three plants native to Americas.
Definition

1. corn

2. tomatoes

3. tobacco

Term
Who was the first settler to raise a crop of tobacco in Virginia? It soon became Virginia's first ____, or a crop grown for profit.
Definition
John Rolfe; cash crop
Term
Since farms were growing so quickly in Jamestown, who was brought in to help work the farm?
Definition
indenture servants
Term
What is an indentured servant?
Definition
They agreed to work for someone for a certain amount of time in exchange for the cost of the ocean voyage to N. America.
Term
What did the indentured servants hoped for when they gained their freedom?
Definition
To buy land of their own
Term
What is the House of Burgesses, who met for the first time on July 30, 1619?
Definition
The first law-making assembly in an English colony.
Term
What tradition did the House of Burgess help establish in the English colonies?
Definition
self-government
Term
Members were chosen to represent _____.
Definition
Each district
Term
What was the NORTHWEST PASSAGE?
Definition
a waterway connecting the atlantic and pacific ocean
Term
Why were explorers searching for the Northwest passage?
Definition
Becase it was easier for trading ships to sail from Europe to Asia
Term
Was the Northwest Passage ever found? and Why?
Definition
No, It didn't exist
Term
Who founded the french colony of Quebec on the St Lawrence River in 1608 while searching for the Northwest passage way?
Definition
Samuel de Champlain
Term
Described where beavers lived and how they were important in trading.
Definition

Beavers live in the forest of this region.

Beaver furs were sold for huge profits in Europe.

Term
What indian group trapped the beavers and brought the fur to Quebec where they traded for European goods.
Definition
Huron Indians
Term
Name another French colony also known as "new France".
Definition
Montreal
Term
Who is the dutch explorer who searched for the Northwest Passage in 1609? He did not find it. However, what land did he claim for the Dutch?
Definition

Henry Hudson;

Hudson River

Term
What is the name of Dutch colonies in N America?
Definition
New Netherland
Term
What is the town that became the biggest and most important Dutch settlement in N. America in 1624 and eventually the town became known as what city?
Definition
New Amsterdam; New York City
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