Term
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Definition
| The psychological discomfort of adjusting to a new cultural situation |
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Term
| intercultural communication |
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Definition
| interaction between people whose cultural assumptions are distinct enough to alter the communication event. |
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Term
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Definition
| the attitudes, values, beliefs, and customs that the majority of the people in a society hold in common. |
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Definition
| groups of people living within a dominant culture but exhibiting communication that is sufficiently different to distinguish them from the dominant culture. |
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Definition
| a classification of people based on shared characteristics such as nationality, geographic origin, language, religion, ancestral customs, and tradition. |
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| a system of beliefs shared by a group with objects for devotion, rituals for worship and a code of ethics |
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Definition
| an indicator of a person's position in a scoial hierarchy, as determined by income, education, occupation, and social habits. |
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Definition
| Emphasizes personal rights and responsibilities, privacy, voicing one’s opinion, freedom, innovation and self expression |
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Definition
| Emphasizes community, collaboration, shared interest, harmony, the public good, and avoiding embarrassment |
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Term
| low uncertainty avoidance cultures |
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Definition
| Cultures characterized by greater acceptance of and less need to control, unpredictable people, relationships or events |
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Term
| high uncertainty avoidance cultures |
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Definition
| Cultures characterized by a low tolerance for, and a high need to control, unpredictable people, relationships or events |
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Definition
| The cultural belief that inequalities in power, status, and rank are natural and that these differences should be acknowledged and accentuated |
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Definition
| The cultural belief that inequalities in power, status, and rank should be underplayed and muted |
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Definition
| A culture in which people are expected to adhere to traditional sex roles |
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Term
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Definition
| A culture in which people, regardless of sex, are expected to assume a variety of roles based on the circumstances and their own choices |
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Definition
| The belief that one’s own culture is superior to others |
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Definition
| A display of genuine and unselfish concern for the welfare of others |
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Definition
| A selfish interest in one’s own needs, to the exclusion of everything else |
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Definition
| Sets of expectations two people have for their behavior based on the pattern of interaction between them |
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Definition
| Ones in which the interactions are satisfying to and healthy for those involved |
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Definition
| People we know by name and talk with when the opportunity arises, but with whom our interactions are largely impersonal |
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Definition
| People with whom we have negotiated more personal relationships that are voluntary |
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Definition
| People with whom we share a high degree of commitment, trust, interdependence and disclosure and enjoyment |
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Term
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Definition
| An intimate relationship in which the partners are not sexually attracted to each other or do not act on an attraction they feel |
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Term
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Definition
| An intimate relationship in which the partners act on their sexual attraction |
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Term
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Definition
| Placing confidence in another in a way that almost always involves some risk |
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Definition
| Sharing biographical data personal ideas and feelings that are unknown to the other person |
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Term
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Definition
| Verbal and physical responses to people (and/or their messages) within the relationship |
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Term
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Definition
| A tool for examining the relationship between disclosure and feedback in the relationship |
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Term
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Definition
| Behaving and communicating in such a way that preserved a particular level of closeness or intimacy in a relationship |
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Definition
| The process of receiving, constructing meaning from and responding to spoken and or nonverbal messages |
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Term
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Definition
| The perceptual process of selecting and focusing on specific stimuli from the countless stimuli reaching the senses |
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Term
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Definition
| Decoding a message accurately to reflect the meaning intended by the speaker |
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Definition
| Intellectually indentifying with or vicariously experiencing the feelings or attitudes of another |
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Definition
| Experiencing an emotional response parallel to, and as a result observing, another person’s actual or anticipated display of emotion |
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Term
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Definition
| Imagining yourself in the place of another: the most common form of empathizing |
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Term
| sympathetic responsiveness |
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Definition
| Feeling concern, compassion or sorrow for another because of the other’s situation or plight |
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Term
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Definition
| statement designed to get further information or to clarify information already received |
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Definition
| Putting into words the ideas or feelings you have perceived from the message |
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Definition
| One that focuses on the denotative meaning of the message |
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Definition
| A response that captures the emotions attached to the content of the message |
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Definition
| Being able to retain information and recall it when needed |
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Definition
| Any artificial technique used as a memory aid |
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Definition
| The process of evaluating what you have heard to determine its truthfulness |
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Definition
| Statements whose accuracy can be verified |
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Definition
| Statements made by the speaker that are based on facts or observations |
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Term
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Definition
| To help people feel better about themselves and their behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| Comforting statements that have a goal to reassure, bolster, encourage, soothe, console, or cheer up |
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Term
| clarify supportive intentions |
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Definition
| Openly stating that your goal in the conversation is to help your partner |
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Term
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Definition
| Cushioning the effect of messages by utilizing both positive and negative politeness skills |
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Term
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Definition
| The desire to be appreciated and approved, liked and honored |
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Definition
| The desire to be free from imposition or intrusion |
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Definition
| Statements that encourage our partners to talk about and elaborate on what happened and how they feel about it |
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Term
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Definition
| Offering ideas, observations, information, and alternative explanations that might help your partner understand the situation in a different light |
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Definition
| Presenting relevant suggestions and proposals that a person can use to satisfactorily resolve a situation |
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Term
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Definition
| Seemingly opposing forces (openness-closedness, autonomy-connection, , and novelty-predictability) that occur in all interpersonal relationships |
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Definition
| Sharing biographical data, personal experiences, ideas, and feelings |
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Definition
| The right of an individual to keep biographical data, personal ideas, and feelings secret |
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Term
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Definition
| A conscious decision to avoid disclosure and to withhold information or feelings from a relational partner |
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Definition
| A way to share information, display knowledge, negotiate and preserve independence |
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Definition
| A way to share experiences and establish bonds with others |
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Definition
| The ski of naming the emotions you are feeling without judging them |
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Definition
| Accurately recounting the specific behaviors of others without commenting on their appropriateness |
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Definition
| Describing the specific positive behaviors or accomplishments of another and the effect that behavior has on others |
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Definition
| Describing specific behaviors of another that hurt the person or that person’s relationships with others |
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Definition
| Not expressing personal preferences or defending our rights because we fear the cost and are insecure in the relationships, have very low self-esteem or value the other person above our self |
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Term
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Definition
| Belligerently or violently confronting another with your preferences, feelings, needs, or rights with little regard for the situation or for the feelings or rights of others |
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Term
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Definition
| Expressing your personal preferences and defending your personal rights while respecting the preferences and rights of others |
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Term
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Definition
| When the needs or ideas of one person are at odds or in opposition to the needs or ideas of another |
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Term
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Definition
| Managing conflict by physically or psychologically removing yourself |
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Term
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Definition
| Managing conflict by satisfying others’ needs or accepting other’s ideas while neglecting our own |
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Term
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Definition
| Managing conflict by satisfying your own needs or advancing your own ideas, with no concern for the needs or ideas of the other and no concern for the harm done to the relationship |
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Term
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Definition
| Managing conflict by giving up part of what you want, to provide at least some satisfaction for both parties |
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Term
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Definition
| Managing conflict by fully addressing the needs and issues of each party and arriving at a solution that is mutually satisfying |
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Term
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Definition
| A collection of three or more people who must interact and influence each other to solve problems and to accomplish a common purpose |
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Definition
| A future state of affairs desired by enough members of the group to motivate the group to work toward its achievement |
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Term
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Definition
| A precisely stated, measurable, and behavioral goal |
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Term
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Definition
| Complementary goals: achieving one goal does not prevent the achievement of another |
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Term
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Definition
| Goals that require hard work and team effort; they motivate group members to do things beyond what they might normally accomplish |
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Definition
| Goals to which members feel personally committed. |
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Definition
| Group in which members have a great deal of similarity |
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Definition
| Group in which various demographics, levels of knowledge, attitudes, and interests are represented |
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Definition
| The degree of attraction members have to each other and to the group’s goal |
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Term
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Definition
| Activities designed to help the group work better together |
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Term
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Definition
| Expectations for the way group members will behave while in the group |
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Term
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Definition
| Prescribed behaviors designed to help the group meet its goals and conduct its conversations |
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Definition
| A commonality of purpose and a complementariness of each other’s efforts that produces a group outcome greater than an individual’s outcome |
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Definition
| A meeting in which all members come together in one physical location to make a decision or solve a problem |
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Term
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Definition
| A meeting in which people in various locations use technology to work together on a decision or problem |
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Term
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Definition
| The initial stage of group development during which people come to feel valued and accepted so that they identify with the group |
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Term
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Definition
| The stage of group development during which the group clarifies its goals and determines the roles each member will have in the group power structure |
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Term
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Definition
| A deterioration of mental efficiency, reality testing, and moral judgment that results from in-group pressure |
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Term
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Definition
| The stage of group development during in which the group solidifies its rules for behavior, especially those that relate to how conflict will be managed |
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Term
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Definition
| The stage of group development when the skills, knowledge and abilities of all members combined to overcome obstacles and meet goals successfully |
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Term
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Definition
| The stage of group development in which members assign meaning to what they have done and determine how to end or maintain interpersonal relations they have developed |
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Term
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Definition
| Questions concerned with discovering what is true or to what extent something is true |
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Term
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Definition
| Questions that concern subjective judgments of what is right, moral , good or just |
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Term
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Definition
| Questions that concern what course of action should be taken or what rules should be adopted to solve a problem |
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Term
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Definition
| An uncritical, non-evaluative process of generating associated ideas |
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Term
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Definition
| The process of choosing among alternatives |
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Definition
| A specific pattern of behavior that one group member performs based on the expectations of the other members |
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Term
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Definition
| Specific patterns of behavior that directly help the group accomplish its goals |
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Term
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Definition
| A group member who gets the discussion started or moves it in a new direction |
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Term
| information or opinion giver |
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Definition
| A group member who provides content for the discussion |
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Term
| information or opinion seaker |
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Definition
| A group member who probes others for their factual ideas and opinions |
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Term
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Definition
| A group member who probes the content, reasoning, and evidence of members during discussions |
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Definition
| A group member who indicates to the group that it is off track or summaries point s of agreement and disagreement among members |
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Term
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Definition
| Patterns of behavior that help the group develop and maintain good member relationships, group cohesiveness, and effective levels of conflict |
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Definition
| A group member who ensures that everyone has an opportunity to speak and be heard |
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Definition
| A group member who provides support for the contributions of the team members |
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Definition
| A group member who helps the group relieve tension and manage conflict |
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Term
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Definition
| Patterns of behavior that focus attention on individuals’ needs and goals at the expense of the group |
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Definition
| A group member who seeks to enhance his or her own status by criticizing almost everything or blaming others when things get rough and by deflating the ego or status of others |
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Definition
| A group member who meets his or her own goals at the expense of group goals by not participating in the discussion or the worth of the group |
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Definition
| A group member who routinely rejects others’ views and stubbornly disagrees with emerging group decisions |
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Definition
| An assigned, appointed or elected leader who is given legitimate power to influence others |
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Term
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Definition
| Members of the group whose authority to influence stems from the power they gain through their interactions with the group |
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