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Ch. 54 Community Ecology
from Campbell & Reece "Biology" (Pearson)
22
Biology
Undergraduate 1
04/26/2011

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Term
define Community
Definition
a group of populations of different species living close enough to interact
Term
what does interspecific mean?
Definition
"between species"
Term
give 4 examples of interspecific interactions that occur in communities
Definition
competition, predation, herbivory, symbiosis
Term
what are the types of symbiosis
Definition
parasitism, mutualism, commenalism
Term
what is the principle of competitive exclusion?
Definition
even a slight reproductive advantage will eventually lead to local elimination of the inferior competitor
Term
what does niche overlap lead to?
Definition
competitive exclusion
Term
what is a realized niche?
Definition
resources that a species currently uses
Term
what is a fundamental niche?
Definition
resources that a species can use
Term
how do niches allow peaceful interspecific communities?
Definition
allows for limited resources to be partitioned according to differential needs
Term
define Character Displacement
Definition
differences b/w similar characteristics in two species living in the same geographic area are accentuated
Term
coloration of an animal and mimcry are examples of what?
Definition
defensive adaptations to avoid preadation
Term
what effect do allelochemicals have on herbivores
Definition
negative / toxic
Term
what effect do semiochemicals have oon herbivores?
Definition
communicate info to attract predator of the herbivore
Term
what is the number of different species in a community called?
Definition
species richness
Term
what is Relative Abundance
Definition
the proportion each species represent of all individuals in the community
Term
what does the trophic structure (feeding relationships) of an ecosystem determine?
Definition
route of energy flow and pattern of chemical cycling.
Term
what does a food web represent?
Definition
interconnected feeding relationships in an ecosystem
Term
what does a food web represent?
Definition
interconnected feeding relationships in an ecosystem
Term
what is a dominant species?
Definition
species that are the most abundant or have the highest biomass in a community
Term
what is a Keystone Species
Definition
species that exert strong control on community structure by pivotal ecological roles or niches
Term
what is a Foundation Species (aka Facilitators)
Definition
species that dramatically alter their physical environment on a large scale (ex: beaver)
Term
how does a disturbance change a community?
Definition
by removing organisms from it or altering resource availability
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