Term
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Definition
| the respiratory sac, the smallest unit of the lungs, where gas exchange occurs |
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Term
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Definition
| disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of bronchospasm (i.e. bronchial muscle spasm leading to narrowed or obstructed airways) |
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Term
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Definition
| collapse of once-expanded alveoli |
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Term
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Definition
| the conducting airways leading into the alveoli; they branch smaller and smaller, appearing much like a tree |
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Term
| chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) |
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Definition
| chronic condition that occurs over time; oftenthe result of chronic bronchitis or repeated and sever asthma attacks; leads to destruction of the respiratory defense mechanisms and physical structure |
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Term
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Definition
| microscopic, hair-like projections of the epithelial cell membrane lining the upper respiratory tract, which are constantly moving and directing the mucus and any trapped substance toward the throat |
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Term
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Definition
| viral infection of the upper respiratory tract that initiates the release of histamine and prostaglandins and causes an inflammatory response |
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Term
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Definition
| reflex response to irritation in the respiratory membrane, results in expelling of forced air through the mouth |
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Term
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Definition
| a hereditary disease that results in the accumulation of copious amounts of very thick secretions in the lungs, which will eventually lead to obstruction of the airways and destruction of the lung tissues |
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Term
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Definition
| the vocal chords and the epiglottis, which close during swallowing to protect the lower respiratory tract from any foreign particles |
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Term
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Definition
| the bronchi and the alveoli that make up the lungs; the area where gas exchanges takes place |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the lungs that can be caused by bacterial or viral invasion of the tissue or by aspiration of foreign substances |
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Term
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Definition
| air in the pleural space exerting high pressure against the alveoli |
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Term
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Definition
| the act of breathing to allow the exchange of gases, a basic process for living things |
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Term
| respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) |
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Definition
| disorder found in premature neonates whose lungs have not had time to mature and who are lacking sufficient surfactant to maintain open airways to allow for respiration |
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Term
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Definition
| area through which gas exchange must be made; made up of the capillary endothelium, the capillary basement membrane, the interstitial space, the alveolar endothelium, and the surfactant layer |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the nasal cavity, commonly called hay fever; caused by reaction to a specific antigen |
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Term
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Definition
| air-filled passages through the skull that open into the nasal passage |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the epithelial lining of the sinus cavities |
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Term
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Definition
| reflex response to irritation to receptors in the nares, results in expelling forced air through the nose |
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Term
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Definition
| lipoprotein that reduces surface tension in the alveoli, allowing them to stay open to allow gas exchange |
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Term
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Definition
| the main conducting airway leading into the lungs |
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Term
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Definition
| the nose, mouth, pharynx, larynx, and trachea- the conducting airways where no gas exchange occurs |
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Term
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Definition
| the movement of gases in and out of the lungs |
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