Term
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Definition
| scientific study of interactions b/w organisms and environment |
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Term
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Definition
organismal - organisms & their environ.
population - populations & their environ.
community - biotic interactions b/w species
ecosystem - energy flow & chemical cycling
landscape - interactions among ecosystems
global = biosphere
[only people can eat lasagna great] |
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Term
| difference b/w abiotic & biotic factors of environment |
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Definition
Abiotic = nonliving ex: physical, chemical, geological
Biotic = living i.e. biolog. interactions b/w organisms ex: prey, competition, predators. |
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Term
| what determines distribution & abundance of organisms |
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Definition
| interaction b/w abiotic & biotic factors |
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Term
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Definition
| mvmt of individuals away from their area of origin or area of high population density. |
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Term
| factors that affect species distribution and why each is a limiting factor. Recall figure 52.6 |
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Definition
1. dispersal: area is inaccessible
2. behavior: habitat selection
3. biotic factors: predation, parasitism, disease
4. abiotic factors: chemical/physical |
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Term
| what is the most important factor in determining species distribution |
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Definition
| climate. (long-term prevailing weather conditions in a particular area) |
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Term
| what are the main components of climate? |
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Definition
| temperature, precipitation, sunlight, wind |
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Term
| main diff. b/w macroclimate & microclimate |
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Definition
macro = global, regional, local
micro = very fine patterns (ex: fallen logs) |
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Term
| what is global climate determined by? |
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Definition
sun-incidence of solar radiation;
i.e. the input of solar energy and the planet's mvmt in space |
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Term
| why is it colder at the north & south poles? |
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Definition
| sunlight is hitting at a low angle so there is less solar radiation |
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Term
| why is it warmer at the equator? |
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Definition
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Term
| explain why the northern & southern hemispheres have different seasons |
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Definition
| the earth's 23.5-degree tilt. |
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Term
| what can affect the local climate? |
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Definition
| bodies o/ water, mountains, & changing angle of the sun throughout the day. |
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Term
| what can affect microclimate? |
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Definition
| shade, evaporation, changing wind pattern |
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Term
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Definition
| major terrestrial or aquatic life zones |
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Term
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Definition
| major terrestrial or aquatic life zones |
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Term
| what is the difference between a photic and aphotic zone? |
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Definition
photic = light penetration
aphotic = no light penetration
*because aquatic biomes are stratified |
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Term
| what is the difference b/w littoral & limnetic |
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Definition
littoral = close to shore
limnetic = further from shore |
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Term
| what is the diff. b/w intertidal, neritic, & oceanic |
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Definition
intertidal- closest to shore...
oceanic = furthest |
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Term
| diff. b/w Pelagic & Benthic |
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Definition
| varying degress of openness; pelagic=most open |
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Term
| what is abyssal and what biome is it specific to? |
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Definition
| abyssal (marine) - deepest portion of benthic |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| inundated by water periodically; support plants adapted to water-saturated soil; one of the most productive biomes |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| transition area b/w river & sea |
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Term
| what is intertidal's zone exposure to water? |
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Definition
| periodically submerged & exposed by the tides |
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Term
| what zone is responsible for covering 70& of the Earth's surface? |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the places in the ocean that have the highest species diversity? |
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Definition
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Term
| what are coral reefs made of? |
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Definition
| formed from Calcium Carbonate skeletons of corals |
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Term
| what types of life live in the marine benthic zone & how are they supported |
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Definition
| deep-sea hydrothermal vents support the chemoautotrophs. |
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Term
| what are terrestrial biomes characterized by? |
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Definition
| vegetation type, temperature, and precipitation |
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Term
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Definition
| Equatorial/sub-equatorial; high precipitation (>200 cm/yr); high temp (25-29C) year-round; high biodiversity. |
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Term
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Definition
| bands near 30-degN/S latitude; low precipitation (<30cm/yr); temperature variable (30-50C) |
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Term
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Definition
| equatorial/sub-equator region; seasonal rainfall(30-50cm/yr), warm year-round (24-29C). |
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Term
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Definition
| midlatitude coastal regions; seasonal precipitation; hot summer; cool rest of year. Spain/Chile=matorral, France=maquis, S.Africa=fymbos |
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Term
| define Temperate Grassland |
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Definition
| temperate regions; hot summer, cold winter, seasonal precipitation. S.Africa=veldts, Argentina=pampas, Russia=steppes |
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Term
| define N.Coniferous Forest |
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Definition
| northern N.America & Eurasia; largest terrestrial biomes; long & cold winter conifers |
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Term
| define Temperate Broadleaf Forest |
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Definition
| midlatitudes in N.Hemisphere, New Zealand, Australia; precipitation; deciduous trees |
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Term
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Definition
| expansive areas of the Arctic; 20% of Earth's land surface; long cold winter, short chilly summer |
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