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Definition
-The production of hormones
-Is timed: Material is not realesed
later in life when necessary. |
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Definition
| Short chains of Amino Acids |
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Definition
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| all of an animal's hormone-secreting cells. |
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| also called endocrine glands. These secrete messengers directly into body fluid. |
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| glands that secrete chemicals such as sweat, mucus, and digestive enzymes into ducts that convey the products to the appropriate location. |
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| secretes/produces several types of hormones. produces all that are realeased from posterior pituitary. |
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| hormones are stored and released in this gland."master" gland.Obeys the hypothalamus. Has an anterior and posterior. |
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| Secreted by Hypothalamus; Makes anterior pituitary secrete its hormones. |
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| Secreted by hypothalamus; Makes anterior pituitary stop secreting hormones. |
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| Stores and releases a set of two hormones that are made in the hypothalamus - Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) and Oxytocin. |
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| Controlled by hypthalamus and secretes several hormones into the blood. |
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| Posterior Pituitary Hormones: |
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Definition
| Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) and Oxytocin. |
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| Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) |
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Definition
| Helps regulate the osmoregularity of the blood. two functions: (1)absorption of H2O and salts from nephron tubule (acts on kidneys-decreases urine vol, increases water retention. (2)-causes the muscular walls of arteries to contract. |
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| (1)stimulates contraction of smooth muscle that line uterus. at its maximum during birth. (2) causes letting down of milk in breasts. |
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| Anterior Pituitary Hormones |
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Definition
1. Growth hormone
2. Prolactin
3. Thyroid Stimulating Hormone(TSH)
4. Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)
5. Follice-Stimulation Hormone(FSH)
6. Lutenizing Hormone (LH)
7. Melanocyte-stimulating Hormone (MSH) |
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Term
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Definition
| Protein of 200 a-acids. Stimulates the liver to produce growth factors. Stimulates body growth (cell division). Hypo(not enough)=midget. Hyper(too much)=giantism. |
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| 1). promotes development and fuctionality of the mammary glands. 2). regulates fat metabolism and reproduction in birds. 3) regulates metamorphosis in amphibians. 4) Regulates salt and water balance in fish. Ancient Hormone? |
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| Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) |
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Definition
| Tropic. Allows thyroid to produce thyroxin and other hormones. |
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| Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) |
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Definition
| stimulates secrection of steroid hormones by the adrenal cortex. |
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| Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) |
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Definition
| (Gonadotropin) Stimulate maturation of ova in females/sperm in males. |
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Definition
| Stimulates the release of ova from ovary. Stimulates production of estrogen and progestrone/testosterone. |
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| Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone (MSH) |
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Definition
| regulates activity of pigments in skin (CAMO). Play a key role in fat metabolism in mammals. Stimulates the brain to produce endorphins. |
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Definition
| Produced by certain neurons in brain. Inhibit perception of pain. Mimicked by drugs, and the runner's high when stress and pain is severe. |
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Definition
| Secretes Melatonin, which regulates skin pigmentation (like MSH) and the need of a day/night rhythms. |
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Definition
| 2 lobes below Trachea. Secretes two hormones: thyroxin and calcitonin. |
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Term
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Definition
| speeds rate of cellular respiration and general metabolism. Essential for normal growth/development/nervous and muscular functions. Can be hyper and hyposecretion |
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| Hypersecretion of Thyroxin causes: |
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Definition
| too much Thyroxin. Speeds up metabolism and causes a goiter (low iodine in diet)-causes swelling of neck. |
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| Hyposecretion of thyroxin causes: |
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Definition
| 1)cretinism - not obtaining physical/mental development. 2) Influences low metabolism and low energy level causing weight gain and lethargy. |
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Definition
| lowers calcium levels in blood and inhibits release of calcium from bones. |
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| Secrete parathyroid hormone. (PTH) |
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-raise level of blood calcium (works opposite to calcitonin).
-Muscle spasms (tetany) if there is a lack. |
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| Performs both endocrine and exocrine functions. Mostly exocrine. Produces digestive enzymes and bicarbonate ions. In the tissure, there is the islets of langerhans. |
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| Cluster of endocrine cells that secrete two major hormones directly into the circulatory system: each has a population of alpha cells and beta cells. |
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| -lowers glucose levels in blood. -makes cells of body more permeable to glucose.-stimulates conversion of glucose to form glycogen in the liver. -aids in conversion of glucose to lipids. Insufficient amount causes diabetes. |
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Term
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Definition
| insufficient amount of insulin. Type I-dependent. occurs at childhood. Type II-nondependent. deficiency of insulin by reduced responsiveness of insulin receptors. old age. |
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| Makes cells less permeable to glucose. works antagonistically to insulin. increases blood sugar level.-stimulates conversion of glycogen to make glucagon. |
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Definition
Outside tissue - adrenal cortex.
Inside tissue - adrenal medulla. |
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Definition
| secretes steroids glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids. |
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| Ex. Cortisol. Secreted by adrenal cortex. Raises blood sugar. Promotes conversion of proteins & lipids to form glucose. |
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Definition
| Ex. Aldosterone. Effect salt and water balance. Promotes reabsorbtion of sodium and chloride ions in kidney tubules. |
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| secrete adrenalin. Located on kidneys. Alarm or stress hormone. Increase-high heart beat, rapid breathing, speen contraction, dialation of blood vessels, increase glucose blood level. |
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Definition
| secrete testosterone-stimulates male reproductive system. Androgens produced early will develop the embryo into a male. |
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| produce estrogen-development of female's 2ndary sex characteristics. progesterone-stimulates uterine lining growth |
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