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Ch4 Vocab (Askeland)
Vocabulary Study Guide for MEE312
29
Mechanical Engineering
Undergraduate 3
02/07/2015

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Term
Burgers Vector
Definition
the direction and distance that a dislocation moves in each step, aka slip vector
Term
Critical Resolved Shear Stress
Definition
the shear stress required to cause a dislocation to move and cause slip
Term
Cross-slip
Definition
a change in the slip system of a dislocation
Term
Dislocation
Definition
a line imperfection in a crystalline material, movement of dislocations helps explain how a metallic material deforms, interference with the movement of these helps explain how metallic materials are strengthened
Term
Edge Dislocation
Definition
dislocation that is made up of an extra "half plane" of atoms, burgers vector is perpendicular to dislocation line
Term
Elastic Deformation
Definition
deformation that is fully recovered when the stress causing it is removed, results from the bonds stretching
Term
Frenkel Defect
Definition
a pair of pointe defect produced when an ion moves to create an interstitial site leaving behind a vacancy
Term
Grain Boundary
Definition
a surface defect representing the boundary between two grains, the crystal has a different oriention on either side of the grain
Term
Interstitial Defect
Definition
point defect produced when an atom is placed into the crystal at a site that is not normally a lattice point
Term
Line Defect
Definition
defects such as dislocations in which atoms or ions are missing in a row (1-D)
Term
Mixed Dislocation
Definition
a dislocation that contains partly edge components and partly screw components
Term
Peierls-Nabarro Stress
Definition
the shear stress, which depends on the Burgers vector and the interplanar spacing , required to cause a dislocation to move
Term
Plastic Deformation
Definition
permanent deformation of a material
Term
Point Defect
Definition
imperfections such as vacancies that are located typically at one or a few sites in a crystal.
Term
Schmid's Law
Definition
the relationship between shear stress , the applied stress, and the orientation of the slip system
Term
Schottky Defect
Definition
a point defect ionically bonded materials, a stoichiometric number of cation and anion vacancies
Term
Screw Dislocation
Definition
a dislocation produced by skewing a crystal so that one atomic plane produces a spiral ramp about dislocations
Term
Slip
Definition
deformation of a metallic material by movement of dislocations through the crystal
Term
Slip Direction
Definition
direction in the crystal in which the dislocation moves
Term
Slip Plane
Definition
the plane swept out by the dislocation line during slip, normally the slip plane is a close packed plane if one exists in the crystal structure
Term
Slip System
Definition
combination of a slip direction and slip plane
Term
Small Angle Grain Boundary
Definition
surface or planar defect made up of an array of dislocations causing a small misorientation of the crystal across the surface of the imperfection
Term
Stacking Fault
Definition
a surface defect in an FCC materal caused by the improper stacking sequence of close-packed planes
Term
Substitutional Defect
Definition
a point defect produced when an atom is removed from a regular lattice point and replaced with a different atom usually having a different size
Term
Surface Defect
Definition
imperfections such as grain boundaries that form a 2D plane within the crystal
Term
Tilt Boundary
Definition
small angle grain boundary composed of an array of edge dislocations
Term
Twin Boundary
Definition
a surface defect across which there is a mirror image misorientation of the crystal structure
Term
Twist Boundary
Definition
small angle grain boudnary made up of an array of screw dislocations
Term
Vacancy
Definition
point defect where an atom is missing from its regular cyrstallographic site
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