Term
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Definition
| substance used in the diagnosis, treatment, cure, relief, or prevention of health alterations |
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Term
| Three places clients receive their health care |
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Definition
| Hospitals, clinics, or homes |
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Term
| Acute/Restorative Care settings |
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Definition
| Nurses spend a great deal of time administering medications to clients and ensure that clients or their families are adequately prepared to administer their medications when they are discharged. |
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Term
Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act
1938 |
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Definition
| Added the homeopathic pharmacopeia of the United States as a third medication standard. |
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Term
Kefauver-Harris Amendment
1962 |
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Definition
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FDA to supervise medication production to ensure safety and efficacy and to establish official medication names
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Required that manufacturers prove their drug was effective
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Occurred as a result of the drug Thalidomide and its devastating effects to newborns
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Term
NPA
(Nurse Practice Acts)
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Definition
| Have the most influence over nursing practice by defining the scope of a nurse's professional functrions and responsibilities |
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Term
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Definition
| Protect the public from unskilled, undereducated, and unlicensed personnel |
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Term
| The nurse is responsible for following legal provisions when administering ___________ __________, or __________ |
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Definition
| Controlled substances AKA Narcotics |
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Term
| Three types of drug names |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Provides exact description of the medication's composition and molecular structure |
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Term
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Definition
| Becomes the official name listed in official publications such as the USP |
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Term
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Definition
| Has the symbol TM at the upper right of the name, indicating that the manufacturer has trademarked the medication's name |
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Term
| Medication Classification |
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Definition
| Indicates the effect of the medication on a body system, the symptoms the medication relieves, or the medication's desired effect. |
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Term
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Definition
(Book) Tablets, capsules, elixirs, and suppositories
(Notes) Solid, Liquid, other oral forms, topical, parenteral, instillation into body cavities |
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Term
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Definition
- The study of how medications enter the body
- reach their site of action
- Are absorbed and distributed into cells, tissues, or organs
- Alter physiological functions
- Exit the body
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Term
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Definition
| Passage of medication molecules into the blood from the site of medication administration. |
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Term
| Factors that influence medication absorption |
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Definition
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Route of administration
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Ability of the medication to dissolve
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blood flow to the site of administration
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body surface area
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lipid solubility of medication
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Term
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Definition
Following absorption, distribution occurs within the body to tissues, organs, and to specific sites of action |
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Term
| Distribution depends on... |
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Definition
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Curculation
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Membrane permeability
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Protein binding
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Term
| What occurs upon medication reaching its site of action? |
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Definition
| It metabolizes into a less active or inactive form that is easier to excrete. |
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Term
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Definition
| Occurs under the influence of enzymes that detoxify, degrade, and remove biologically active chemicals. |
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Term
| Where does most biotransformation occur? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which organs excrete medications? |
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Definition
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Kidney
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Liver
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Bowels
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Lungs
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Exocrine Glands
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Term
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Definition
| The expected or predictable physiological response a medication causes. |
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Term
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Definition
| Predictable and often unavoidable secondary effects produced at a usual therapuetic dose. |
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Term
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Definition
| Unintended, undesirable, and often unpredictable severe responses to medication |
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Term
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Definition
| Develop after prolonged intake of a medication or when a medication accumulates in the blood because of impaired metabolism or excretion |
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Term
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Definition
| Client overreacts or underreacts to a medication or has a reaction different from normal. (Child becomes excited instead of sleepy on benadryl) |
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Term
| What drug class presents a high chance of Allergic Reaction? |
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Definition
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Term
| Severe form of Allergic Reaction |
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Definition
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Term
| Anaphylactic reactions characterizations |
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Definition
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Life threatening
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Sudden constriction of bronchiolar uscles
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Edema of the pharynx and larynx
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Severe wheezing and shortness of breath
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Term
| Two types of Medication Actions |
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Definition
| Therapeutic Effects and Side Effects/Adverse Effects |
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Term
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Definition
| When one medication modifies the action of another medication. |
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Term
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Definition
| Occurs when the combined effect of two medications is greater than the effect of the medications given separately. |
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Term
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Definition
| The highest serum concentration |
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Term
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Definition
| Normally occurs just before the body absorbs the last of the medication |
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Term
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Definition
| Point at which the lowest amount of drug is in the serum. |
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Term
Routes of medication administration |
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Definition
- Oral Route
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Parenteral Route
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Topical
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Inhalation
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Intraocular
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Sublingual Administration |
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Definition
| A medication that is readily absorbed after being placed under the tongue to disolve. It is not meant to be swallowed |
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Term
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Definition
| Placing solid medication in the mouth and against the mucous membranes of the cheek until the medication dissolves. Should not be chewed or swallowed. |
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Term
ID injection
(Intradermal) |
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Definition
| Injection into the dermis just under the epidermis |
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Term
(Sub-Q)
Subcutaneous Injection |
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Definition
| Injection into tissues just below the dermis of the skin |
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Term
IM injection
(Intramuscular) |
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Definition
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Term
IV injection
(Intravenous) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Administration of medication through a catheter placed in the suubarachnoid space or one of the ventricles of the brain. |
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Term
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Definition
| Method of medication adminstration involves the infusion of medication directly into the bone marrow |
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Term
| Intraperitoneal Injection |
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Definition
| Medications administered into the peritoneal cavity. |
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Term
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Definition
| An injection or chest tube is used to administer intrapleural medications directly into the pleural space. |
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Term
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Definition
| Administered directly into the arteries. |
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Term
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Definition
| Medications applied to the skin and mucous membrane |
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Term
| 3 ways to apply Inhalation Route |
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Definition
- Nasal Passages
- Oral Passage
- Endotracheal/Tracheostomy tubes
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Term
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Definition
| Go into the clients mouth and end in the trachea |
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Term
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Definition
| Enter the trachea directly through an incision made in the neck |
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Term
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Definition
| Inserts a medication similar to a contact lens into the client's eye. |
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Term
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Definition
| Is a given mass of solid substance dissolved in a known volume of fluid or a given volume of liquid dissolved in a known volume of another fluid |
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Term
| Prescribers can be which 3 people? |
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Definition
| Physician, Nurse Practitioner, or Phyysician's Assistant |
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Term
Prescribers must document what for each medication? |
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Definition
- Diagnosis
- Condition
- Need for each medication
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Term
| Medication orders can be submitted by __________, ________, or __________. |
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Definition
| Written, verbal, or by phone |
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Term
What procedures should be followed with a verbal or telephoned order?
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Definition
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One must write the complete order
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Read it back and receive confirmation for accuracy
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Indicate the time and name of prescriber
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Ensure the prescriber countersigns the order within 24 hrs.
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