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Definition
| a molecule in which the positive and negative charges are separated |
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Definition
| a molecule that doesn't interact with polar molecules |
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| a covalently bonded compound that contains carbon, excluding carbonates and oxides |
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| part of molecule that is in a chemical reaction and that determines the properties of organic compounds |
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| a simple molecule that can combine with other molecules to make a polymer |
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Definition
| a large molecule that is formed by more than five monomers, or small units |
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Definition
| two or more compounds with the same formula but a different arrangement and properties. |
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| a very large organic molecule, usually a polymer, composed of hundreds or thousands of atoms |
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| a chemical reaction in which two or more molecules combine to produce water or another simple molecule |
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Definition
| a chemical reaction between water and another substance to form a new substances |
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Definition
| an organic molecule that acts as the main energy source for cell processes; composed of a nitrogenous, a sugar, and three phosphate groups |
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| a class of molecules that includes sugars, starches, and fiber; contains carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen |
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Definition
| a simple sugar that is the basic subunit of a carbohydrate |
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Definition
| a sugar formed from two monosaccharides |
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| one of the carbohydrates made up of long chains of simple sugars; polysaccharides include starch, cellulose, and glycogen |
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Definition
| an organic compound that is made of one or more chains of amino acids and that is a principal component of all cells |
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Definition
| a compound of a class of simple organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group and an amino group |
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Definition
| the chemical bond that forms between the carboxyl group of two different amino acids |
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Definition
| a long chain of several amino acids |
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Definition
| a molecule, either protein or RNA, that acts as a catalyst in biochemical reactions |
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Definition
| a substance, or a reactive substance, the reactant in reactions catalyzed by enzymes |
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Term
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Definition
| on an enzyme, the site that attaches to a substrate |
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Definition
| a fat molecule or a molecule that has similar properties; examples include oils, waxes, and steroids |
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Definition
| an organic acid that is contained in lipids, such as fats or oils |
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Definition
| a lipid that contains phosphorus and that is a structural component in cell membranes |
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| an organic compound, either RNA or DNA, whose molecules are made up of chain(s) of nucleotides and carry genetic information |
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Definition
| deoxyribonucleic acid, the material that contains the information that determines inherited characteristics |
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Definition
| ribonucleic acid, a natural polymer that is present in all living cells and that plays a role in protein synthesis |
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Definition
| a subunit that consists of a sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base |
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Definition
| bases in one strand of DNA or RNA that are paired with those of another strand; adenine pairs with thymine or uracil, and guanine pairs with cytosine |
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Definition
| a five-carbon sugar that is a component of DNA nucleotides |
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Definition
| a five-carbon sugar present in RNA |
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Definition
| an organic base that contains nitrogen, such as a purine or pyrimidine; a subunit of a nucleotide in DNA and RNA |
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Definition
| a nitrogenous base that has a double-ring structure either adenine or guanine |
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Term
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Definition
| a nitrogenous base that has a single-ring structure thymine, cytosine, or uracil |
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