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Ch. 29 Vocab
Fundamentals of Nursing
48
Nursing
Undergraduate 1
10/09/2012

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Term
afebrile
Definition
without fever
Term
antipyretics
Definition
substance or procedures that reduce fevers
Term
ausculatory gap
Definition
disappearance of sounds when obtaining a blood pressure; typically occurs between the first and second Korotkoff sounds
Term
basal metabolic rate (BMR)
Definition
accounts for the heat produced by the body at absolute rest
Term
blood pressure
Definition
the force exerted on the walls of an artery by the pulsing blood under pressure from the heart
Term
bradycardia
Definition
slower-than-normal heart rate; heart contracts fewer than 60 times/min
Term
cardiac output
Definition
volume of blood expelled by the ventricles of the heart, equal to the amount of blood ejected at each beat multiplied by the number of beats in the period of time used for computation
Term
celsius
Definition
Term
conduction
Definition
the transfer of heat from one object to another with direct contact
Term
convection
Definition
the transfer of heat away by air movement
Term
core temperature
Definition
temp of the deep tissue
Term
diaphoresis
Definition
visible prespiration primarily occurring on the forehead and upper thorax
Term
diastolic pressure
Definition
the minimal pressure exerted against the arterial walls at all times
Term
diffusion
Definition
movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to one of lower concentration
Term
dysrhythmia
Definition
deviation from the normal pattern of the heartbeat
Term
eupnea
Definition
normal respirations that are quiet, effortless, and rhythmical
Term
evaporation
Definition
the transfer of heat energy when a liquid is changed to gas
Term
fahrenheit
Definition
denotes temperature scale in which 32 degrees is the freezing point of water and 212 degrees is the boiling point of water at sea level
Term
febrile
Definition
elevated body temp; fever
Term
fever
Definition
elevation in the hypothalamic set point so body temp is regulated at a higher level; over 100 degrees Farhenheit
Term
fever of unknown origin (FUO)
Definition
fever with an undetermined cause
Term
frostbite
Definition
occurs when body is exposed to subnormal temperatures, ice crystals form inside the cell, and permanent circulatory and tissue damage occurs
Term
heat exhaustion
Definition
abnormal condition caused by depletion of body fluid and electrolytes resulting from exposure to intense heat or the inability to acclimatize to heat
Term
heatstroke
Definition
continued exposure to extreme heat that raises the core body temp to 105 degress Fahrenheit or higher
Term
hematocrit
Definition
percentage of red blood cells in the blood
Term
hypertension
Definition
disorder characterized by an elevated blood pressure persistently exceeding 120/80 mm Hg
Term
hyperthermia
Definition
an elevated body temp related to the inability of the body to promote heat loss or reduce heat production
Term
hyoptension
Definition
abnormal lowering of blood pressure that is inadequate for normal prefusion and oxygenation of tissues
Term
hypothermia
Definition
heat loss during prolonged exposure to cold overwhelms the ability of the body to produce heat
Term
hypoxemia
Definition
inadequate cellular oxygenation that may result from a deficiency in the delivery or use of oxygen at the cellular level
Term
malignant hyperthermia
Definition
a hereditary condition of uncontrolled heat production that occurs when susceptible people receive certain anesthetic drugs
Term
nonshivering thermogenesis
Definition
occurs primarily in neonates. bc neonates cannot shiver, a limited amount of vascular brown adipose tissue present at birth can be metabolized for heat production
Term
orthostatic hypotension
Definition
abnormally low blood pressure occuring when a person stands
Term
oxygen saturation
Definition
amount of hemoglobin fully saturated with oxygen, given as a percent value
Term
perfusion
Definition
the distribution of red blood cells to and from the pulmonary capillaries
Term
postural hypotension
Definition
when a normotensive person develops symptoms and low BP when rising to an upright position
Term
pulse deficit
Definition
an inefficient contraction of the heart that fails to transmit a pulse wave to the peripheral pulse sites
Term
pulse pressure
Definition
the difference between systolic and diastolic pressure
Term
pyrexia
Definition
same as fever; elevated body temp
Term
pyrogens
Definition
substances that cause a rise in body temp, as in the case of bacterial toxins
Term
radiation
Definition
the transfer of heat from the surface of one object to the surface of another without direct contact between the two
Term
shivering
Definition
an involuntary body response to temperature differences in the body
Term
sphygmomanometer
Definition
device for measuring the arterial blood pressures that consists of an arm or leg cuff with an air bladder connected to a tube, a bulb for pumping air into the bladder, and a gauge for indicating the amount of air pressure being exerted against the artery
Term
systolic pressure
Definition
the peak of maximum pressure when ejection occurs
Term
tachycardia
Definition
rapid regular heart rate ranging between 100 and 150 beats/min
Term
thermoregulation
Definition
physiological and behavioral mechanisms regulate between heat lost and heat produced
Term
ventilation
Definition
respiratory process by which gases are moved into and out of the lungs
Term
vital signs
Definition
temperature, pulse, blood pressure, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation
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