Term
| Discuss the theory of evolution by natural selection |
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Definition
Evolution based on:
1)Variation within a given species-
Heritable traits passed from parent to offspring
2)Natural selection-More offspring are produced than can survive.Competition for limited resources.Individual with better traits flourish and reproduce. |
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Term
| Describe lines of evidence that organisms change over time. |
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Definition
Fossil record
Biogeography
Convergent evolution
Selective breeding
Homologies |
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Term
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Definition
| Preserved remains of past life on Earth. |
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Term
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Definition
| Study of the geographical distribution of extinct and modern species. |
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Term
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Definition
2 different species from different lineages have independently evolved 2 different species from different lineages have independently evolved
similar characteristics because they occupy similar environments. |
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Term
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Definition
| Programs and procedures designed to modify traits in domesticated species. |
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Term
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Definition
| Fundamental similarity due to descent from a common ancestor. |
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Term
| Explain the points to Darwin’s mechanism of change-natural selection. Contrast with Lamarck’s evolution by the inheritance of acquired characteristics. |
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Definition
| Darwin believed that a species will develope traits that will help with survival and reproductive success while Lamarck believed that each species has certain traits that will be passed throughout the generations with no change. |
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Term
| Summarize the evidence for evolution obtained from the fossil record. |
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Definition
| Even with an incomplete fossil record, evolutionary changes can be demonstrated.Examples in which paleontologists have observed evolutionary change through fossils are: the Fishapod and the horse family |
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Term
| Contrast artificial selection and natural selection. |
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Definition
Nature chooses parents in natural selection (natural variation in reproductive success).
Breeders choose in artificial selection. |
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Term
| Summarize the evidence for evolution derived from anatomical homologies. |
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Definition
| Same set of bones in the limbs of modern vertebrates has undergone evolutionary change to be used for many different purposes. I.E. bat wind, dolphin flipper,human arm, and turtle foot |
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Term
| Define & give examples of homologous structures. |
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Definition
| Homologous structures are derived from a common ancestor. I.E. bat wind, dolphin flipper,human arm, and turtle foot |
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Term
| Define & give examples of analogous structures |
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Definition
| Structure or trait that is a result of convergent evolution. I.E. the long tongues and snouts of ant eaters and echidna |
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Term
| Define & give examples of vestigial structures. |
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Definition
| anatomical structures that have no apparent function but resemble structures of presumed ancestors. Once functional in an ancestor. I.E. human tial bone, snake reminants of a hip and hind leg bone, whales skeletal reminants of a pelvis, and a manatees fingernails on flippers |
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