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Ch. 2 review
atoms and molecules
22
Biology
12th Grade
10/06/2014

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Term
Matter
Definition
Anything that occupies space and has mass
Term
Element
Definition
any substance that cannot be broken down into another substance via chemical reaction
Term
Compound
Definition
chemical substance consisting of two or more different chemical elements that can be separated into simpler substances
Term
Valence
Definition
number of unpaired electrons needed to complete an atom's valence shell
Term
Inert
Definition
atom with a stable valence shell (8 electrons) and is relatively un reactive
Term
Isotope
Definition
An atom that has an irregular amount of neutrons that affects its atomic mass
Term
Most Abundant Elements
Definition
Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Term
Trace Elements
Definition
Chromium, cobalt, copper, iron, manganese, magnesium, molybdenum, selenium, zinc, and other elements that occur in very small amounts (usually less than 1 to 10 parts per million) as constituents of living organisms, and are necessary for their growth, development, and health. Whereas the shortage of trace elements in the body may result in stunted growth or even death, their presence in higher amounts is also harmful.
Term
Atoms
Definition
smallest unit of life that still retains the properties of an element
Term
subatomic particles
Definition
components of an atom:
Proton, Neutron, Electron
Term
Orbitals
Definition
electron containing shells
Term
Atomice Number
Definition
number of protons or electrons of that element
Term
Atomic Mass
Definition
Number of protons and neutrons
Term
Number of Neutrons
Definition
Atomic mass - atomic number
Term
Bonds
Definition
Covalent
Ionic
Hydrogen
Term
Covalent
Definition
Electron sharing
two non-metals
Polar and non-Polar
Term
Ionic
Definition
Metal and non-Metal
Give (metals) and Take (non-metal)
Term
Hydrogen bond
Definition
Weakest bond
Term
Electronegativity
Definition
The attraction of an electron to the nucleus (neutrons) of an atom
Term
Chemical Reactions
Definition
Reactants-->products
Term
Reactants
Definition
compounds in a chemical formula that react to form a product
Term
Products
Definition
end substances after a chemical reaction
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