Term
|
Definition
| basic building block of all matter |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
anything that has mass and volume
-living or nonliving |
|
|
Term
| three parts of the atomic stucture |
|
Definition
- protons
- neutrons
- electrons
|
|
|
Term
| protons (sign and definition and location in atom) |
|
Definition
p+
positive charge
found within the nucleus of an atom |
|
|
Term
| neutrons (sign and definition and location in atom) |
|
Definition
n0
no charge
found within the nucleus of an atom |
|
|
Term
| electrons (sign and definition and location in atom) |
|
Definition
e-
negative charge
found swirling around the nucleus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| energy levels where electrons travel |
|
|
Term
| how do you find the number of protons in an atom? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how do you find the number of electrons in an atom? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how do you find the number of neutrons in an atom? |
|
Definition
| atomic mass - atomic number |
|
|
Term
| maximums of the first three e- energy levels |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| C H N O P S K Na Cl Mg Ca Fe |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| determine reactivity of an atom |
|
|
Term
| atoms with 1-3 valence electrons tend to... |
|
Definition
| lose all valence electrons |
|
|
Term
| atoms with 4 valence electrons tend to... |
|
Definition
| share their valence electrons |
|
|
Term
| atoms with 5-7 valence electrons tend to... |
|
Definition
| gain as many valence electrons as needed to satisfy the octet rule |
|
|
Term
| when atoms become stable they have... |
|
Definition
| achieved either the octet rule or the duet rule |
|
|
Term
| purpose of the octet and duet rules |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sharing of electrons to hold atoms together |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| result from the transfer of of valence electrons |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pure substance (only one kind of atom) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| electrons with a different number of neutrons |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
heavy hydrogen
(normal hydrogen has 0 neutrons, heavy hydrogen has 1) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- radio isotopes used in cancer treatment
- radio carbon dating of fossils
- kill bacteria on food
- radio isotopes used to "trace" movement throughout the body
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| show number of atoms and the types of atoms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| show number, kind, and arrangement of atoms in space |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ions separate fro one another in solution |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when NaCl (salt) enters H20 (water) the Na+ and the Cl- break apart from eachother |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a solution where the hydrogen ions are greater than hydroxide ions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| solution where the hydrogen ions are in lesser concentrations than hydroxide ions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| rearrangement of atoms resulting in new products with their own physical and chemical properties |
|
|
Term
| law of conservation of matter |
|
Definition
| states that matter can not be created nor destroyed, only rearranged into another form |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
single covalent bond C-C
double covalent bond C=C
triple covalent bond (has three lines between the two Cs) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| have the same simple formula, but different structures |
|
|
Term
| major 4 organic compounds |
|
Definition
- carbohydrates
- lipids
- proteins
- nucleic acids
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| building blocks of carbohydrates |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| simple formula for a monosaccharide |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| simple formula for a disaccharide |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| simple formula for a polysaccharide with 3 sugars |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| define lipid and give 2 examples |
|
Definition
stored energy source
fats and oils |
|
|
Term
| building blocks of lipids |
|
Definition
| glycerol and 3 fatty acid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| single covalent bond hydrogen bonds |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| double covalent bonds with hydrogen and oxygen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is always found in a protein that is not found in lipids and carbohydrates |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| building blocks of proteins |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| protein structure is determined by |
|
Definition
- number of AA
- kind of AA
- arrangement of AA
|
|
|
Term
| structure of protein determines |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| speeds up chemical reactions without changing the product |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| by covalent peptide bonds |
|
|
Term
| joining of several amino acids |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| example of a nucleic acid |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| building blocks of nucleic acids |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- 5 carbon sugars
- PO4
- nitrogenous - base
|
|
|
