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Ch. 16, 17 and 19
Vocab.
30
Biology
10th Grade
02/15/2012

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Term
Evolution
Definition
2.The gradual development of something, esp. from a simple to a more complex form
Term
Fossil
Definition
1.The remains or impression of a prehistoric organism preserved in petrified form or as a mold or cast in rock: "sites rich in fossils".
Term
Artificial selection
Definition
Artificial selection (or selective breeding) describes intentional breeding for certain traits, or combination of traits
Term
Adaptation
Definition
1.The action or process of adapting or being adapted
Term
Fitness
Definition
A biological condition in which a competing variant is increasing in frequency relative to other competing variants in a population.
Term
Natural selection
Definition
The process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.
Term
biogeography
Definition
The branch of biology that deals with the geographical distribution of plants and animals.
Term
homologous structure
Definition
A homologousfrom Greek ομολογειν, 'to agree' trait is any characteristic of organisms that is derived from a common
Term
analogous structure
Definition
A homologousfrom Greek ομολογειν, 'to agree' trait is any characteristic of organisms that is derived from a common
Term
vestigial structure
Definition
Vestigiality describes homologous characters of organisms that have seemingly lost all or most of their original function in a species
Term
darwin
Definition
Charles Robert (1809–82), English historian and geologist; a proponent of the theory of evolution by natural selection.
Term
lamark
Definition
Jean-Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet, Chevalier de la Marck (1 August 1744, Bazentin, Somme – 18 December 1829),
Term
cuvier
Definition
Georges Léopold Chrétien Frédéric Dagobert, Baron (1769–1832), French naturalist. He founded the science of paleontology.
Term
lyell
Definition
Lyell is a lunar crater that lies along the eastern edge of the Mare Tranquillitatis, at the northern arm of the bay designated Sinus...
Term
superposition
Definition
(geology) the deposition of one geological stratum on another.
Term
relative age
Definition
The age of a rock or formation given relative to other rocks or formation, usually defined as a zone fossil name. See also Absolute age..
Term
absolute age
Definition
Absolute dating is the process of determining an approximate age for an archaeological or palaeontological site or artifact. ....
Term
biogenesis
Definition
1.The synthesis of substances by living organisms.
Term
spontaneous generation
Definition
The supposed production of living organisms from nonliving matter.
Term
extinct
Definition
2.No longer in existence.
Term
paleontologist
Definition
a specialist in paleontology.
Term
radiometric dating
Definition
A method of dating geological specimens by determining the proportions of particular radioactive isotopes present in a sample.
Term
half-life
Definition
the time required for something to fall to half its initial value (in particular, the time for half the atoms in a radioactive substance...
Term
macroevolution
Definition
Major evolutionary change.
Term
gradualisms
Definition
2.The hypothesis that evolution proceeds chiefly by the accumulation of gradual changes (in contrast to the punctuationist model).
Term
punctuated equilibrium
Definition
The hypothesis that evolutionary development is marked by isolated episodes of rapid speciation between long periods of little or no change.
Term
adaptive radiation
Definition
The diversification of a group of organisms into forms filling different ecological niches.
Term
convergent evoulution
Definition
Convergent evolution describes the acquisition of the same biological trait in unrelated lineages..
Term
co evolution
Definition
In a broad sense, biological coevolution is "the change of a biological object triggered by the change of a related object". ....
Term
endosymbiotic theory
Definition
The endosymbiotic theory concerns the origins of mitochondria and plastids (e.g. chloroplasts), which are organelles of eukaryotic...
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