Term
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Definition
| degree of pathogenicity. intracellular are more virulent |
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Term
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Definition
| properties that enable a MO to establish itself on or within a host of a particular species and enhance its potential to cause disease; e.g. mechanisms of adhesion (such as fimbria, capsules, flagella), exotoxins, endotoxins, and exoenzymes. |
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Term
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Definition
| ability of MO to cause pathogenic changes |
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Term
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Definition
cause harm/disease in healthy persons with normal immune defenses.
Ex: Salmonella typhi/Typhoid fever, HIV, tuberculosis/Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Shigellosis |
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Term
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Definition
| potential to cause disease when the host's immunity defenses are compromised. Not designed to be pathogens. (normal flora gone wrong) |
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Term
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Definition
| condition when contaminating MOs overcome host defenses, multiply & cause disease |
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Term
| Cutaneous populations of microbes |
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Definition
*Transient -cling to but dont grow on superficial layers of skin
*Permanent residents -reside in the deeper layers of epidermis/glands |
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Term
| Subclinical/asymptomatic infection |
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Definition
| Infection with no noticeable symptoms even tho microbe is active in host |
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Term
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Definition
| Time of initial contact with infection (port of entry) to the appearance of the first symptoms |
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Term
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Definition
| Disease is increasing beyond what is expected |
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Term
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Definition
| Host provides parasitic microbe with nutrients and habitat/parasite dependent on host |
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Term
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Definition
| Earliest notable symptoms of infection (1-2 days) |
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Term
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Definition
| Mass immunization to limit spread of disease |
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Term
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Definition
| Microscopic living organisms of a region (e.g. GI tract). Normal flora. |
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Term
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Definition
| infectious diseases acquired in hospital |
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Term
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Definition
| disease that persists over long period of time, slow progression |
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Term
| Emerging infectious disease |
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Definition
| infectious disease occurence that has potential to increase in near future |
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Term
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Definition
| do not spread from host to host |
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Term
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Definition
| concentrated in one (geographic) area at a relatively stable rate |
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Term
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Definition
| comes on rapidly, severe, short-lived |
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Term
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Definition
| study of frequency & distribution of disease and other health-related factors in human population |
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Term
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Definition
| process in which microbes gain more stable footing at the portal of entry |
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Term
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Definition
| the minimum number of microbial cells required to initiate infection in the host |
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Term
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Definition
| pathogens are released thru specific means; cough, sneeze, etc |
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Term
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Definition
GI disorders
-Intestinal inflammation, especially the colon |
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Term
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Definition
| upper respiratory tract - works with mucus to expel |
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Term
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Definition
(portal of entry)
*skin, abrasions, insect bites, hypodermic needle injection sites, etc
*invasion of microbes thru the skin
**Invasion of skin by sharp object for example will deposit contaminating microbes right into the blood system and that is called the "parenteral route of infection."** (board) |
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