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Definition
| All of the activities involved in the sale of products to final consumers. |
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| Early retailers who carried anything they could sell in reasonable volume. |
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| Stores that specialize in certain lines of related products rather than a wide assortment-sometimes called limited-line stores. |
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Definition
| Stores that specialize in certain lines of related products rather than a wide assortment-sometimes called single-line stores. |
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| A type of conventional limited-line store-usually small & with a distinct personality. |
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| Larger stores that are organized into many separate departments & offer many product lines. |
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| Mass-Merchandising Concept |
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Definition
| The idea that retailers should offer low prices to get faster turnover & greater sales volume by appealing to larger numbers. |
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Definition
| Large stores specializing in groceries-with self-service & wide assortments. |
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Definition
| Stores that sell hard goods (cameras, TVs, appliances) at substantial price cuts to customers who go to discounter's low-rent store, pay cash, & take care of any service or repair problems themselves. |
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Definition
| Large, self-service stores with many departments that emphasize soft goods (housewares, clothing, and fabrics) & staples (like health & beauty aids) & selling on lower margins to get faster turnover. |
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Term
| Supercenters (Hypermarkets) |
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Definition
| Very large stores that try to carry not only food & drug items but all goods & services that the consumer purchases routinely (also called supercenters). |
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| Convenience (Food) Stores |
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Definition
| A convenience-oriented variation of the conventional limited-line food stores. |
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Definition
| Selling & delivering products through vending machines. |
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Definition
| Going directly to the consumer's house. |
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Term
| Wheel of Retailing Theory |
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Definition
| New types of retailers enter the market as low-status, low-margin, low-price operators & then, if successful, evolve into more conventional retailers offering more services with higher operating costs & higher prices. |
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Term
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Definition
| Retailers carrying any product lines that they think they can sell profitably. |
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Definition
| A firm that owns & manages more than one store-and often it's many. |
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| Retailer-sponsored groups, formed by independent retailers, to run their own buying organizations & conduct joint promotion efforts. |
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Definition
| Wholesaler-sponsored groups that work with independent retailers. |
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Term
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Definition
| A franchisor develops a good marketing strategy, & the retail franchise holders carry out the strategy in their own units. |
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Definition
| The activities of those persons or establishments that sell to retailers & other merchants, or to industrial, institutional, & commercial users, but who do not sell in large amounts to final consumers. |
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Term
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Definition
| Firms whose main function is providing wholesaling activities. |
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Term
| Manufacturers' Sales Branches |
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Definition
| Separate warehouses that producers set up away from their factories. |
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Definition
| Wholesalers that own (take title to) the products they sell. |
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Term
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Definition
| Merchant wholesalers that provide all the wholesaling functions. |
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Term
| General Merchandise Wholesalers |
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Definition
| Service wholesalers that carry a wide variety of nonperishable items such as hardware, electrical supplies, furniture, drugs, cosmetics, and automobile equipment. |
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Term
| Single-Line (or General-Line) Wholesalers |
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Definition
| Service wholesalers that carry a narrower line of merchandise than general merchandise wholesalers. |
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Term
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Definition
| Service wholesalers that carry a very narrow range of products & offer more information & service than other wholesalers. |
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Term
| Limited-Function Wholesalers |
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Definition
| Merchant wholesalers that provide only some wholesaling functions. |
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Term
| Cash-and-Carry Wholesalers |
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Definition
| Like service wholesalers, except that the consumer must pay cash. |
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Term
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Definition
| Wholesalers that own (take title to) the products they sell but do not actually handle, stock, or deliver them. |
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Definition
| Wholesalers that specialize in delivering products that they stock in their own trucks. |
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Definition
| Merchant wholesalers that specialize in hard-to-handle assortments of products that a retailer doesn't want to manage-& they often display the products on their own wire racks. |
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Definition
| Sell out of catalogs that may be distributed widely to smaller industrial customers or retailers that might not be called on by other wholesalers. |
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Definition
| Wholesalers who do not own (take title in) the products they sell. |
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Definition
| Agent wholesalers who sell similar products for several noncompeting producers for a commission on what is actually sold. |
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Definition
| Manufacturers' agents who specialize in export trade. |
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Definition
| Manufacturers' agents who specialize in import trade. |
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Definition
| Agent wholesalers who specialize in bringing buyers & sellers together. |
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Definition
| Brokers who specialize in bringing together buyers & sellers from different countries. |
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Definition
| Brokers who specialize in bringing together buyers & sellers from different countries. |
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Definition
| Agent wholesalers who take over the whole marketing job of producers, not just the selling function. |
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Term
| Combination Export Manager |
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Definition
| A blend of manufacturers' agent & selling agent-handling the entire export function for several producers of similar but noncompeting lines. |
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Term
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Definition
| Agent wholesalers that provide a place where buyers and sellers can come together and complete a transaction. |
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