Term
| What are cells made from? |
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Definition
| Proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and carbohydrates |
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Term
| What was the atmosphere like in early earth? |
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Definition
| It was rich in hydrogen and othergases coming out of volcanoes |
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Term
| What stimulated chemical reactions in the atmosphere? |
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Definition
| Energy from lightning and UV light from the sun |
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Term
| What did the Miller experiment contain (what elements?)? |
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Definition
| Hydrogen, CO2, methane, water vapor, nitrogen, ammonia, and carbon monoxide |
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Term
| How did the Miller Experiment work? |
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Definition
| He heated the mixture and it's zapped with electrical sparks (like lightning). |
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Term
| What was the result of the Miller Experiment? |
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Definition
| A dark smelly mixture, where complex molecules had formed (amino acids, the building blocks of protein) |
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Term
| What was the first gentic molecule? |
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Definition
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Term
| What happens when amino acids come together? |
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Definition
| They form protein from instructions written in DNA and carried in RNA |
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Term
| Who helps cells synthesize DNA and RNA? |
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Definition
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Term
| How are short RNA molecules able to condense without the help from enzymes? |
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Definition
| They can condense from individual nucleotides |
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Term
| How are RNA molecules unique? |
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Definition
| They an catakyze chemical reactions, and are able to produce complementary copies of part of their own nucleotide sequence (they can reproduce on their own). |
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Term
| How do RNA molecules reproduce? |
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Definition
| RNA nucleotide formed from simple gas molecules, and then assembled spontaneously into small chains, which catalyze chemical reactions (protein synthesis) and make copies of themelves. |
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Term
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Definition
| seperates the cell from its environment and it contains lipids |
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Term
| How does a coacervate form? |
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Definition
| Some lipids mix with water to form the bubble |
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Term
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Definition
| Has a double-layered membrane much like the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane. |
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Term
| How could coacervates survive longer? |
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Definition
| By taking in molecules and enrgy from their surroundings |
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Term
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Definition
| When things were able to transger the ability to offspring coacervates, probably through replicating RNA |
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Term
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Definition
| After simple celss formed |
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Term
| What is the advantage DNA has over RNA? |
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Definition
| It ensured the safety of the hereditary info. by storing it in a central location |
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