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Ch. 10.1 - Mendel's Laws of Heredity
Mendel's Laws of Heredity
16
Biology
10th Grade
02/17/2011

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Term

Heredity

Definition

the passing on of characteristics from parents to offspring.

Term
genetics
Definition

the branch of biology that studies heredity.

Term
Trait
Definition
Characteristics that are inherited
Term
Gamete
Definition
Sex cells
Term
Pollination
Definition
The transfer of the male pollen grains to the pistil of a flower
Term
Fertilization
Definition

The uniting of male and female gametes

Term
Hybrid
Definition
The offspring of parents that have different forms of a trait
Term
Allele
Definition
Alternate forms of a gene for each variation of a trait of an organism
Term
Dominant
Definition
Observed trait of an organism that masks the recessive form of a trait
Term
Recessive
Definition
trait of an organism that can be masked by the dominant form of a trait
Term
Law of Segregation
Definition
Mendelian principle explaining that because each plant has two different alleles, it can produce two different types of gametes. During fertilization, male and female gametes randomly pair to produce four combinations of alleles
Term
Phenotype
Definition
Outward appearence of an organism, regardless of its genes
Term
Genotype
Definition
Combination of genes in an organism
Term
homozygous
Definition
When there are two identical alleles for a trait
Term
Heterozygous
Definition
When there are two different alleles for a trait
Term
Law of Independent Assortment
Definition
Mendelain principle stating that genes for different traits are inherited independently of each other
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