Term
Early Cultures and Ichthyology
(3) |
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Definition
- Early cultures worshiped and hunted fish
- The headdress of the Goddess Hatmehit was in the shape of a fish
- Gyotaku is an ancient Japanese art of fish printing |
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Term
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Definition
| - Was the first to scientifically treat fish |
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Term
Renaissance through Middle Ages
(2) |
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Definition
- 16th century
- Naturalists and principles |
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Term
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Definition
| - Understanding organisms within an environment |
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Term
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Definition
| - What is fundamental (biological) about fish |
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Term
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Definition
- 17th-19th centuries
- 1700's: Peter Artedi and Linnaeus (Father of Ichthyology)
- Early 1800's: Cuvier, "Histoire Naturelle des Poissons," 22 volumes
- 1872-1876: Challenger expedition |
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Term
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Definition
- 1700's-1800's
- LeSueur: studied under Cuvier
- Mitchell: Fishes of New York
- Rafinesque: Worked with Audubon
- Louis Agassiz: Founded MCZ at Harvard, 1846 (Museum of Comparative Zoology
- David Starr Jordan: First president of Stanford University
- Japanese emperor is almost always an ichthyologists, very involved w/ fish |
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Term
Two components to Systematics
(2) |
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Definition
- Taxonomy
- Phylogenetics |
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Term
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Definition
- ID and naming of units of classification
- Order suffix: -iformes
- Family suffix: -idae |
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Term
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Definition
- AKA phylogenetic systematics
- The practice of organizing taxonomic units based on evolutionary relationships
- Cladistics
- Synapomorphy
- Monophyletic Group (Clade) |
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Term
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Definition
| - Primary method used in the practice of phylogenetic systematics |
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Term
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Definition
- Shared derived character
- Syn: same
- Apo: advanced
- Morphy: shared |
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Term
Monophyletic Group (Clade)
(3) |
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Definition
- Group united by one or more synapomorphies and includes all ancestors and all descendants
- Clades are naturally evolved groups
- May, or may not, be a taxonomic group |
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Term
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Definition
- AKA Karl von Linne
- Wrote 10th Edition of the Systema Naturae, published in 1758 |
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Term
Taxonomic Naming Rules
(5) |
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Definition
- Latinize name
- Capitalize genus name, lower case for species
- Italicize or underline
- Oldest name gets precedence
- If name changes, credit is given to first person that discovered it in parentheses with the date |
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Term
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Definition
| - A single type specimen upon which the description and name of a new species is based |
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Term
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Definition
| - Additional specimens used in species description |
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