Shared Flashcard Set

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Ch 9
Cal Gov
36
Political Studies
Undergraduate 4
02/21/2014

Additional Political Studies Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
judicial federalism
Definition
the ability and willingness of different court systems to produce potentially diverse, fragmented and contradictory policies
Term
Brown v Plata
Definition
overcrowding in CA prisons was cruel and unusual punishment and violated the 8th amendment
Term
Levels of CA Courts
low to high
Definition
Trial courts
appelate courts
supreme court
Term
trial courts
Definition
aka superior courts
determine what is right and wrong in civil disputes and innocent or guilty in criminal cases
Term
Three Strikes Law
Definition
imposes a minimum of 25-Life sentence for defendants with 2 or more prior felony convictions
Term
Appellate courts
Definition
hear appeals from trial courts and quasi-judicial agencies
separated into 6 districts
Term
supreme courts
Definition
highest court in CA
raises important constitutional issues and maintains legal uniformity across the state
Term
Missouri Plan
Definition
combines elections and appointments
based on two assumptions
1) fellow lawyers can best access the attributes of judicial candidates
2) in a representative democracy ultimate accountability to the voters is important even for judges
Term
judicial socialization
Definition
lawyers learn to think and behave like judges
1) judicial ethics
2) learn to appropriate stare decisis
3) learn court room procedure
Term
stare decisis
Definition
appealing to previous cases to make a decision on a current case that applies to a similar matter
rule of precedent
Term
Code of judicial ethics
Definition
represent judges consensus and it behooves all judges to heed them
Term
adversarial justice
Definition
determining truth and justice by involving a contest between two conflicting sides
Term
infractions
Definition
ie traffic tickets
involve no jail time
Term
misdemeanors
Definition
lesser crime for which a person may be sentenced to time in county jail
Term
felonies
Definition
more serious crimes which a person could b sentenced to time in state prison or death
Term
assumption of guilt
Definition
assumption of guilt by courtroom work groups
"if you are there, you are there for a reason"
Term
arraignment
Definition
a judge informs the accused of the charges and legal option available
Term
preliminary hearing
Definition
determines if there is probable cause to have a trial
Term
indictment
Definition
to decide to hold trial
Term
plea bargaining
Definition
pleading no contest or guilty to avoid going to trial
Term
steps in judicial process
Definition
pre-trial activity
trial
verdict and sentence
Term
complaint
Definition
filed by aggravated party consisting of a specific claim against the defendant and a potential rememdy
Term
discovery
Definition
gathering information to prepare for a possible trial
Term
depositions
Definition
oral testimony under oath conducted by lawyers
Term
interogatories
Definition
written questions and answers
Term
ADR- alternative dispute resolution
Definition
attempt to settle the suit before going to court
Term
mediation
Definition
volantary discussion between opposing sides
Term
arbitration
Definition
discussion governed by the government or by prior agreement
Term
polar justice
Definition
juries weighing facts selectively or seeing them in light of their own experiences
Term
jury nullification
Definition
when individual jurors or entire juries follow their consciences instead of the law
Term
cumulative policy making
Definition
reflection of policy preferences over time
Term
The Bird court
Definition
viewed as a change agent and problem solver
Term
The Lucas court
Definition
become less activist and less willing to use the state constitution to establish new legal doctrines
Term
The George court
Definition
more independent of a court relative to state and federal trends
Term
recidivism
Definition
rehabilitated prisoners who return to prison
Term
Reasons for ineffective incarceration
Definition
1) mandatory sentences
2) recidivism
3) longer the prisoner stay the more costly it is for the state
4) overcrowding and inadequate medical care are cruel and unusual
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