Term
Division Teleostei Synapomorphies
(4) |
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Definition
- 2 hypurals support caudal fin
- Uroneural bones
- Homocercal tail
- Mobile premaxillary |
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Term
Subdivision Osteoglossomorpha
(2) |
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Definition
- In Division Teleostei
- Freshwater |
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Term
| Subdivision Osteoglossomorpha Synapomorphy |
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Definition
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Term
Order Osteoglossiformes
(6) |
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Definition
- In Division Teleostei, Subdivision Osteoglossomorpha
- Family Osteoglossidae
- Family Pantodontidae
- Family Mormyridae
- Family Gymnarchidae
- Family Notopteridae |
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Term
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Definition
- In Division Teleostei, Subdivision Osteoglossomorpha, Order Osteoglossiformes
- Hiodon (N. America)
- Silver Arowana (S. America)
- Pirarucu (S. America)
- Scleropages (Australia, Asia) |
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Term
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Definition
- In Division Teleostei, Subdivision Osteoglossomorpha, Order Osteoglossiformes
- African Butterflyfish
- Freshwater
- Africa |
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Term
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Definition
- Freshwater
- Elephantfishes
- Africa |
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Term
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Definition
- Knifefish
- Africa
- Freshwater |
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Term
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Definition
- Featherfin Knifefishes
- Africa, S.E. Asia |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Subdivision Elopomorpha Synapomorphy |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
- In Division Teleostei, Subdivision Elopomorpha
- Tarpon
- Bonefish |
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Term
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Definition
- In Division Teleostei, Subdivision Elopomorpha
- Family Congridae
- Family Muraenidae
- Family Anguillidae |
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Term
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Definition
- In Division Teleostei, Subdivision Elopomorpha, Order Anguilliformes
- Conger and garden eels
- Marine |
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Term
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Definition
- In Division Teleostei, Subdivision Elopomorpha, Order Anguilliformes
- Moray Eels
- Marine
- Ciguatera poison
- Breathe through their nostrils
- Skin mucous is poisonous
- Morays (skinny and agile) work with Groupers (fast hunter) to hunt prey together |
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Term
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Definition
- Family Muraenidae
- Accumulation of ciguatoxin in tissue
- Caused by Dinoflagellate: Gambierdiscus toxicus |
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Term
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Definition
- In Division Teleostei, Subdivision Elopomorpha, Order Anguilliformes
- American Eel
- Freshwater
- Catadromous
- Adult fw, spawn sw
- Migrates to Sargasso Sea to spawn
- European Eel also migrates to Sargasso Sea to spawn |
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Term
Subdivision Clupeomorpha
(5) |
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Definition
- Shad, herring, sardines, anchovies
- Subdivision Clupeomorpha + Superorder Ostariophysi in Clade Otocephala
- Marine
- Found worldwide
- Many anadromous |
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Term
Subdivision Clupeomorpha Synapomorphies
(2) |
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Definition
- Ventral scutes
- Swim bladder connects to head |
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Term
Subdivision Clupeomorpha Characteristics
(6) |
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Definition
- Small
- Silvery
- Deep-bodied
- Deciduous scales
- Single dorsal fin
- Forked tail |
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Term
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Definition
- In Division Teleostei, Subdivision Clupeomorpha
- Family Engraulidae
- Family Clupeidae
- Two types of social aggregations
- Filter feeds |
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Term
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Definition
- In Division Teleostei, Subdivision Clupeomorpha, Order Clupeiformes
- Anchovies |
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Term
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Definition
- In Division Teleostei, Subdivision Clupeomorpha, Order Clupeiformes
- Herring, Shad, Sardines, Manhaden |
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Term
Two Types of Social Aggregations in Order Clupeiformes
(2) |
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Definition
- Shoal: 3+ fish aggregate, some coordination of swimming
- School: 3+ fish aggregate, match to swim in organized, polarized fashion |
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Term
Order Clupeiformes Filter Feeding
(4) |
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Definition
- Gill filaments
- Gill arch
- Gill rakers: Create a path for food to go down throat, don't capture food
- Could have polyodon gill arches |
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Term
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Definition
- Electroreception in Bony Fishes
- Lie in depressions in the skin
- Covering cells
- Covered w/ epithelium |
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Term
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Definition
- In bony fishes
- Detects own electric organ discharge (EOD)
- In tail is electric organ
- Tuberous Organ in head and body detects its own electric discharge to navigate and communicate w/ conspecifics |
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Term
Superorder Ostariophysi
(2) |
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Definition
- In Division Teleosti
- Most living species of freshwater fishes (~68%) |
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Term
Superorder Ostariophysi Synapomorphies
(3) |
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Definition
- Modified anterior vertebrae
- Alarm substance
- Produce breeding turbercles |
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Term
Superorder Ostariophysi Characteristics
(3) |
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Definition
- Freshwater
- Single dorsal fin
- Forked tail |
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Term
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Definition
- In Division Teleosti, Superorder Ostariophysi
- Anterior vertebrae only slightly modified |
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Term
Order Gonorynchiformes
(3) |
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Definition
- In Division Teleosti, Superorder Ostariophysi, Series Anotophysi
- Family Chanidae
- Family Kneriidae |
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Term
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Definition
- In Division Teleosti, Superorder Ostariophysi, Series Anotophysi, Order Gonorynchiformes
- Milkfish
- Freshwater
- Asia |
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Term
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Definition
- In Division Teleosti, Superorder Ostariophysi, Series Anotophysi, Order Gonorynchiformes
- "shell-ear"
- Africa
- Freshwater |
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Term
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Definition
- In Division Teleosti, Superorder Ostariophysi
- Catfish, Minnow, Carp
- Anterior vertebrae highly modified
- Webberian apparatus helps to improve hearing
- Other modifications to improve hearing: Swim bladder connected to the back of the head |
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Term
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Definition
- In Division Teleosti, Superorder Ostariophysi, Series Otophysi
- Includes suckers, loaches, minnows, carp
- Diagnosis: no teeth on jaws
- Family Cyprinidae
- Family Catostomidae |
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Term
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Definition
- In Division Teleosti, Superorder Ostariophysi, Series Otophysi, Order Cyriniformes
- Minnows
- Shiner |
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Term
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Definition
- In Division Teleosti, Superorder Ostariophysi, Series Otophysi, Order Cyriniformes
- Suckers
- White Sucker |
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Term
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Definition
- In Division Teleosti, Superorder Ostariophysi, Series Otophysi
- Diagnosis: teeth on jaws, most w/ adipose fin
- Includes: Piranhas, Silver Dollar Fish, Tambaqui, Hatchetfish, Blind Cave Fish, Tetras
- Small African genera
- Large American genera |
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Term
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Definition
- In Division Teleosti, Superorder Ostariophysi, Series Otophysi
- Catfishes
- Freshwater
- Every continent except Antarctica
- Family Ictaluridae
- Family Callichthyidae
- Candiru |
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Term
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Definition
- In Division Teleosti, Superorder Ostariophysi, Series Otophysi, Order Siluriformes
- N. American endemic
- Channel catfish |
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Term
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Definition
- In Division Teleosti, Superorder Ostariophysi, Series Otophysi, Order Siluriformes
- Armored catfish |
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Term
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Definition
- In Division Teleosti, Superorder Ostariophysi, Series Otophysi, Order Siluriformes
- Related to catfish
- Has spikes on head
- Lives in Amazon River
- Only one documented case of it being in a mans penis (1997) |
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Term
Real Danger in Amazon River
(6) |
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Definition
- Electric Eel
- Can produce up to 860 volts
- Deters predators
- Captures prey
- Find mates
- "See" in the dark (electrolocation) |
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Term
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Definition
- In Division Teleosti, Superorder Ostariophysi, Series Otophysi
- Electrogenic and electroreceptive
- Diagnosis: no dorsal fin
- Nakedback Knifefishes
- S. American
- Anal fin is very long
- Family Gymnotidae |
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Term
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Definition
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