Term
| What are the 2 broad phases the cell cycle can be divided into? |
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Definition
| Interphase and cell division (M phase) |
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|
Term
| A cell spends most of its time in what phase? |
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Definition
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Term
| During the S stage of the cell cycle what happens to the amount of DNA? |
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Definition
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Term
| Mitosis equally distributes what to two daughter cells? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What does checkpoint does the p53 protein stop the cell cycle if DNA is damaged so it can be repaired? |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Decreases the number of body cells |
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Term
| In prophase and metaphase a visible chromosome contains how many sister chromatids? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What happens in Anaphase of mitosis? |
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Definition
| Sister chromatids seperate |
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Term
| What type of number of chromosomes does the nucleus of the body cell have? |
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Definition
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Term
| The formation of new blood vessels toward cancer cells is called? |
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Definition
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Term
| For a typical chromosome in a typical cell, what happens to the telomeres each time a cell divides> |
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Definition
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Term
| If we compare the cell cycle to a car the proto onocogenes act like what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What happens to the size of the cell during the G1 stage? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What happens to the number of organelles during G1 stage? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What cells do not complete the cell cycle and always stay in the G0 stage? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What happens to DNA during the S stage? |
|
Definition
| It is synthesized or replicated |
|
|
Term
| Which biological molecules are made during G2 stage to prepare for cell division? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The equal division of the nucleus to 2 daughter cells |
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Term
|
Definition
| The equal division of cytoplasm to 2 daughter cells |
|
|
Term
| How do Growth Factors affect the cell? |
|
Definition
| Stimulate cells to finish cell cycle (even if they are stuck in G0) |
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|
Term
| What is the RB protein normally bound to? |
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Definition
| another protein called E2F |
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Term
| Growth signals promoting cell division will cause CDK to add what to RB protein? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What happens once RB becomes phosphorylated? |
|
Definition
| It releases E2F causing it to bind to DNA |
|
|
Term
| What happens if nutrients are not available to a cell? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| When DNA is damaged how does CDK affect p53? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What happens when DNA cannot be repaired and p53 levels continue to rise? |
|
Definition
| The cell goes through apoptosis |
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Term
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Definition
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|
Term
| Where does the cell cycle stop if chromosomes are not attached to the spindle properly? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is the enzyme responsible for apoptosis? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the complete number of chromosomes called? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Which body cells have the haploid(n) number? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The cell that is dividing is called what? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| The resulting cells are called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Do the chromatids contain identical DNA? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The constricted region that holds the sister chromatids together is called? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| After mitosis+ cytokinesis would the daughter cells get the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When did the centrosome divide? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What organelles are inside animal centrosomes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Do plants have centrioles? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the order of phases? |
|
Definition
| Prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase |
|
|
Term
| In prophase what happens to the strands of chromatin? |
|
Definition
| The condense and chromosomes become visible |
|
|
Term
| How many chromatids are visible in prophase? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which structure begins to assemble in Prophase? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In metaphase where are the centromeres of each chromosome? |
|
Definition
| In alignment on a single plane at the center of the cell |
|
|
Term
| In Anaphase what happens to the sister chromatids? |
|
Definition
| The seperate at the centromere |
|
|
Term
| In Telophase what happens to the Spindle Fibers? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What happens if mitosis occurs without cytokinesis? |
|
Definition
| The cell is multinucleated |
|
|
Term
| When does cytokinesis begin? |
|
Definition
| In anaphase---continues in Telophase |
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|
Term
| In animal cells what structure is seen as the plasma membrane begins to indent? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What structure forms between 2 daughter plant cells during Cytokinesis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why does mitosis occur in your body? |
|
Definition
| To help you grow and repair your cells |
|
|
Term
| Where are some adult stem cells located? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is reproductive cloning? |
|
Definition
| Production of a new individual |
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of Therapeutic cloning? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Are cancer cells specialized? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does contact inhibition mean? |
|
Definition
| When cells come in contact with a neighbor they stop dividing |
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of pro-onocogenes? |
|
Definition
| They PROMOTE the cell cycle and PREVENT apoptosis. |
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of tumor-supressor genes? |
|
Definition
| They INHIBIT cell cycle and PROMOTE apoptosis. |
|
|
Term
| What are the 2 common tummor supressor genes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which tumor supressor gene is involved in over half of human cancers? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Increase and decrease as the cell cycle continues |
|
|
Term
| What happens to a proto ongogene that undergoes a mutation? |
|
Definition
| The cell continues in the cell cycle when it shouldn't |
|
|
Term
| Oncogenes in the _____ gene family trigger many human cancers. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which stages of mitosis are chromosomes NOT in a duplicated state? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In cancer cells what happens to the telomeres? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In binary fission how are the chromosomes separated? |
|
Definition
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