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Definition
| Rod shaped structures made of DNA and proteins |
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Definition
| a type of protein molecule found in the chromosomes of eukaryotic cells. |
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Definition
| one of two identical parts of a chromosome. Forms as DNA makes a copy of itself before cell division. |
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Definition
| Holds the two chromatid together until they separate during cell division (the constricted area |
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Definition
| less tightly coiled DNA protein complex so that translation and transcription can occur. |
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Definition
| chromosomes that determine the sex of an organism |
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Definition
| a chromosome that is not a sex chromosome |
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Definition
| chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes, that have the same structure and that pair during meiosis |
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Definition
| a picture of an individual’s chromosome |
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Definition
| a cell that contains both chromosomes of a homologous pair |
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Definition
| contain only one set of chromosomes in a homologous pair |
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Definition
| the division of a prokaryotic cell into two identical offspring cells |
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Definition
| results in new cells with genetic material that is identical to the genetic material of the original cell. |
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Definition
| the production of offspring from one parent. |
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Definition
| the process of nuclear division that reduces the number of chromosomes in a cell by half |
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Term
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Definition
| reduces the chromosome number by half in new cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| the time between cell division |
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Term
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Definition
| the division of the cell's cytoplasm into two new cells |
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Term
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Definition
| the first stage of mitosis and meiosis, characterized by condensation of chromosome |
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Term
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Definition
one of the microtubules that extend across a dividing eukaryotic
cell; assists in the movement of chromosome |
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Term
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Definition
the second phase of mitosis, during which all the chromosomes
move to the cell’s equator |
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Term
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Definition
| a phase of mitosis and meiosis in which the chromosomes separate |
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Term
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Definition
| the final stage of mitosis during which a nuclear membrane forms around each set of new chromosome |
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Definition
| a membrane that divides newly forming plant cells following mitosis |
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Definition
| the pairing of homologous chromosomes during meiosis |
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Term
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Definition
| a group of two homologous chromosomes during meiosis |
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Term
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Definition
| permits the exchange of genetic material between maternal and paternal chromosomes |
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Term
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Definition
| the new mixture of genetic material after crossing-over has taken place |
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Term
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Definition
| the random separation of the homologous chromosomes resulting in genetic variation |
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Term
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Definition
| the production of sperm cells |
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Term
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Definition
| the production of mature egg cell |
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Term
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Definition
| one of two small cells produced and discarded during each of the two meiotic divisions that yield the haploid egg |
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Term
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Definition
| the production of offspring from the combination of genetic material from two parent organism |
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Term
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Definition
the area of the cell membrane that pinches in and eventually
separates the dividing cell |
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Term
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Definition
| a structure that appears during mitosis in animal cells |
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Definition
| the final period of interphase, in which the cell undergoes rapid growth and prepares for mitosis (follows the S phase) |
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Term
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Definition
| the first period of interphase, in which the cell doubles in size |
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Term
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Definition
a phase of the cell cycle in which the cell is not dividing and its DNA
is not replicating |
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Term
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Definition
| a spindle fiber that extends from the centromere to the centrosome during mitosis |
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Term
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Definition
a disk-shaped protein found in the centromere region of a
chromosome that attaches the chromosomes to the mitotic spindle |
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Term
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Definition
| mitosis; the phase of cell division in which the nucleus divide |
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Term
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Definition
| the array of spindle fibers that serve to divide the chromatids during nuclear division |
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Term
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Definition
fibers that extend across a dividing cell from centrosome to
centrosome |
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Term
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Definition
| the second period of interphase during which DNA is copied |
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Term
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Definition
in meiosis, a haploid cell that develops into a mature sperm
cell |
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