Term
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Definition
- knowledge or experiences that can consciously be remembered
- episodic memory- the memory of firsthand experiences we've had
- semantic memory- our knowledge of facts about the world
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Term
| Recall memory v. recognition memory |
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Definition
Recall memory is bringing memory forward that has perviously been stored.
Recognition memory is determining whether memory has be information has been seen or stored before. |
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Definition
the influences of experience on behavior, even if the individual is not aware of those experiences.
knowledge we cannot consciously access.
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Definition
| our unexplained knowledge of how to do something. |
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Definition
the process by witch we associate certain stimulus (sound, light) with another stimulus (food), which creates a response (enjoyment, salivation)
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Definition
| Changes in behavior as a result of experiences we have had. |
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Definition
a brief storage of sensory information.
if the information is not nurished |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| where small amounts of info can be stored for more than a few seconds but less than a minute. |
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Definition
| the processes we use to modify, interpret and store short term memory |
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Term
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Definition
| the process of repeating information mentally or out loud with the goal of keeping it short-term memory |
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Term
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Definition
| The process of organizing info into smaller groupings, increasing the number of items that can be stored in short term memory. |
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Definition
| information can be stored for weeks months or years. |
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Definition
| the process by which we place the things we experience into memory |
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Term
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Definition
| learning by processing new information into ways that make it more relevant. |
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Term
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Definition
| the fact that learning is better when the same amount of study is spaced out over periods of time. |
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Term
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Definition
| the process of reactivating information that has been stored in memory. |
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Term
context-dependent learning
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Definition
| an increase in retrieval when the external environment in which information is stored matches the situation in which it is remembered. |
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Term
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Definition
| an increase in retrieval when test in the same physiological or psychological state as during learning the information. |
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Term
| primacy effect and recency effect |
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Definition
| the tendency to better remember stimuli that are presented at the beginning of a list (primacy) and the end of a list (recency) |
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Term
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Definition
| learning something new impairs our ability to retrieve info that was learned earlier |
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Term
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Definition
| earlier learning impairs our ability to encode information we try to learn later |
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Definition
| a pattern of knowledge in long-term memory that helps us organize information. |
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Term
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Definition
| the development of memory that occurs through strengthening of the synaptic connections between neurons. |
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Definition
| a memory disorder that involves the inability to remember information |
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Definition
| a memory disorder that involves the inability to retrieve events that occurred before a given time. |
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Term
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Definition
| memory disorder that involves the inability to transfer information from short-term to long-term memory. |
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Term
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Definition
| errors in memory or judgement that are caused by the inappropriate use of cognitive processes. |
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Definition
| the ability to accurately identify the source of a memory |
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Definition
| attitude change that occurs over time when we forget the source of information. |
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Term
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Definition
| a cognitive bias that results in the tendency to verify and confirm our existing memories rather than challenge and disconfirm them. |
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Term
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Definition
| a cognitive bias that occurs when peoples schemas prevent them from using an object in new and nontraditional ways. |
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Term
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Definition
| errors in memory that occur when new information influences existing memories. |
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Term
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Definition
| a cognitive bias that involves the tendency for people to be too certain about there ability to accurately remember events and to make judgements. |
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Definition
| a vivid and emotional memory of an unusual event that people remember very well. |
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Term
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Definition
| an information-preocessing strategy that is useful in many cases but may lead to errors when misapplied. |
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Term
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Definition
| a cognitive bias that may occur when we base our judgements on information that seems to represent, or match, what we expect will happen. |
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Term
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Definition
| a cognitive bias that involves the tendency to make judgements of the frequency or likelihood that an event occurs on the basis of ease with which the event can be retrieved from memory. |
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Definition
| the extent to which knowledge is activated in memory, and thus likely to be used in cognition and behavior. |
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Term
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Definition
| a cognitive bias that involves the tendency to think about events and experience events according to "what might have been" |
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