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Ch 8.2 - Blood and Lymph Systems
Anatomical Terms #2, Symptomatic and Diagnostic terms; do reverse side first
44
Classics
Undergraduate 2
10/07/2009

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Term
thymus
Definition
primary gland of the lymphatic system, located within the mediastinum; helps maintain the bodys immune response by producing T lymphocytes
Term
spleen
Definition
the organ between the stomach and the diaphragm that filters out aging blood cells, removes cellular debris, and provides the environment for the start of immune responses by lymphocytes
Term
lymph
Definition
fluid oringinating in the organs and tissues of the body; circulated through lymph vessels
Term
lymph capillaries
Definition
tiny vessels that draw lymph from the tissues to the vessels
Term
lymph vessels
Definition
vessels that receive lymph from the capillaries and circulate it to the nodes
Term
lymph nodes
Definition
many small oval structures that filter the lymph received from the lymph vessels, cervical, axillary, and inguinal
Term
lymph ducts
Definition
collecting channels that carry lymph from the lymph nodes to the veins
Term
antigen
Definition
a substance that causes the formation of antibodies against it
Term
antibody
Definition
a substance produced by the body that destroys an antigen that has entered the body
Term
immunoglobulins
Definition
protein antibodies secreted by B lymphocytes that protect the body from invasion of foreign pathogens
Term
immunity
Definition
process of disease protection induced by exposure to an antigen
Term
active immunity
Definition
an immunity that protects the body against a future infection, as the result of antibodies that develop naturally after contracting an infection or artificially after administration of a vaccine
Term
passive immunity
Definition
an immunity resulting from antibodies that are conveyed naturally through the placenta to a fetus or artificially by injection of a serum containing antibodies
Term
microcytosis
Definition
presence of small RBCs
Term
macrocytosis
Definition
large RBCs
Term
anisocytosis
Definition
RBC of unequal size
Term
poikilocytosis
Definition
large, irregularly shaped RBCs
Term
reticulocytosis
Definition
increase in immature RBCs
Term
erythropenia
Definition
reduced number of RBCs
Term
lymphocytopenia
Definition
reduced number of lymphocytes
Term
neutropenia
Definition
decrease in number of neutrophils
Term
pancytopenia
Definition
reduced number of all cellular components of the blood
Term
hemolysis
Definition
break down of RBC membrane
Term
immunocompromised
Definition
impaired immunological defenses caused by an immunodeficiency disorder or therapy with immunosuppresive agents
Term
immunosuppression
Definition
impaired ability to provide an immune response
Term
lymphadenopathy
Definition
enlarged (diseased) lymph nodes
Term
splenomegaly
Definition
enlargement of the spleen
Term
AIDS
Definition
HIV render immune cells ineffective, permitting infections; transmitted sexually or through blood
Term
anemia
Definition
reduction in number of RBCs, amount of hemoglobin, or volume of packed RBCs, resulting in disability of RBCs to transport O2 to the tissues
Term
aplastic anemia
Definition
characterized by failure of bone marrow to produce RBCs
Term
iron deficiency anemia
Definition
lack of iron, affects production of hemoglobin and characterized by small RBCs containing low amounts of hemoglobin
Term
pernicious anemia
Definition
not enough vitamin B12, causes RBCs to enlarge, vary in shape, and reduce in numbers
Term
autoimmune disease
Definition
abnormal function of immune system that causes body to produce antibodies against itself, results in tissue death or loss of function; lupus
Term
erythroblastosis fetalis
Definition
disorder results from incompatibility of a fetus with an Rh+ and a mother who is Rh-, causing RBC destruction in the fetus
Term
hemochromatosis
Definition
hereditary disorder that results in an excessive buildup of iron deposits in the body
Term
hemophilia
Definition
defect in clotting factors necessary for coagulation of blood
Term
leukemia
Definition
abnormally low leukocytes in the blood and bone marrow
Term
myelodysplasia
Definition
bone marrow characterized by the proliferation of abnormal stem cells; develops into leukemia
Term
lymphoma
Definition
neoplastic disorder of lymph tissue, usually malignant
Term
metastasis
Definition
process by which cancer cells are spread by blood or lymph circulation to distant organs
Term
mononucleosis
Definition
increase in mononuclear cells in the blood, along with enlarged lymph nodes, fatigue, and sore throat
Term
polycythemia
Definition
increase in the number RBCs and hemoglobin in the blood
Term
septicemia
Definition
systemic disease caused by infection of microorganisms and their toxins in the circulating blood
Term
thrombocytopenia
Definition
bleeding disorder characterized by an abnormal decrease in the number of platelets in the blood, which impairs the clotting process
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