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Definition
| Pain in the joints; symptom present in many join diseases. |
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Definition
| Wasting away; literally "without development." |
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Definition
| Specialized type of muscle that forms the wall of the heart. Involuntary muscle. |
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Definition
| A reduction in size, especially of muscle fibers. |
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Definition
| An abnormal (usually permanent) bending of a join into a fixed position; usually caused by atrophy and shortening of muscle fibers. |
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Definition
| Thin sheets of fibrous connective tissue that penetrate and cover the entire muscle, holding the fibers together. |
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Definition
| The point of attachment of a muscle to a bone it moves. |
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Definition
| Muscles that act without conscious control. They are controlled by the autonomic nervous system and hormones. |
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Term
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Definition
| The name given to the individual muscle cell. |
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Definition
| The point of attachment of a muscle to a bone that is less movable. |
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Term
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Definition
| Weakness of the muscles of the pelvic girdle. |
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Term
| psuedohypertrophic muscular dystrophy |
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Definition
| A form of muscular dystrophy that is characterized by progressive weakness and muscle fiber degeneration without evidence of nerve involvement or degeneration of nerve tissue. Also known as Duchenne's muscular dystrophy. |
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Term
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Definition
| Muscles that attach to the bones of the skeleton; also known as striated muscles. Voluntary muscle. |
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Definition
| Muscles found in the walls of hollow organs and tubes such as the stomach, intestines, respiratory passageways, and blood vessels; also known as visceral muscles. Involuntary muscles. |
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Term
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Definition
| Muscles that have a striped appearance when viewed under a microscope. Examples: skeletal and cardiac muscles. |
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Definition
| A strong fibrous band of tissue that extends from a muscle, attaching it to the bone by becoming continuous with the periosteum of the bone. |
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Definition
| The main part of the body, to which the head and the extremities are attached; also called the torso. |
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Definition
| Muscles of the internal organs; also known as smooth muscle. |
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Term
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Definition
| Muscles (such as skeletal muscles) that operate under conscious control. Those that are responsible for movement of the face, eyes, tongue, and pharynx are under voluntary control. |
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Term
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Definition
| Muscle located in the fleshy part of the cheek. |
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Term
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Definition
| Muscle located above and near the ear. |
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Term
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Definition
| Muscle located at the angle of the jaw, also raises the mandible and closes the jaw. |
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Term
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Definition
| Also called the sternocleidomastoid. It extends from the sternum upward along the side of the neck to the mastoid process. |
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Term
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Definition
| A triangular shaped muscle that extends across the back of the shoulder, covers the back of the neck, and inserts on the clavicle and scapula. |
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Term
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Definition
| Originates from the vertebrae of he lower back, crosses the lower half of the thoracic region, and passes between the humerus and scapula to insert on the anterior surface of the humerus. It forms the posterior border of the armpit. |
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Term
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Definition
| A large, fan-shaped muscle that crosses the upper part of the front of the chest. It originates from the sternum and crosses over to the humerus. It forms the anterior border of the armpit. |
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Term
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Definition
| Covers the shoulder joint. It originates from the clavicle and the scapula and inserts on the lateral side of the humerus. One of the muscles used for intramuscular injections. |
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Definition
| Muscle has two heads, both of which originate from the scapula and insert on the radius. |
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Term
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Definition
| Muscle has three heads, which originate form the scapula and the humerus and insert onto the olecranon process of the ulna (at the elbow). |
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Term
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Definition
| Forms most of the fleshy part of the buttock. Originates from the ilium and inserts in the femur. |
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Term
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Definition
| Smaller muscle located above the upper outer quadrant of the gluteus maximus muscle. Originates from the posterior part of the ilium and inserts in the greater trochanter of the femur. |
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Definition
| Four muscles that work together to extend the thigh and form the anterior part of the thigh. |
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Definition
| Located in the posterior part of the thigh. Responsible for flexing the leg on the thigh and extending the thigh. Originated from the ischium and insert on the fibula and tibia. |
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Term
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Definition
| Main muscle of the calf. Attaches to the calcaneus (heel bone) by way of the Achilles tendon. Used in standing on tiptoe (plantar flexing the foot) and in flexing the toes. |
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Definition
| Positioned on the front of the left. Responsible for turning the foot inward (inversion) and for dorsiflexing the foot. |
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Definition
| A group of genetically transmitted disorders characterized by progressive symmetrical wasting of skeletal muscles; there is no evidence of nerve involvement or degeneration of nerve tissues. |
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Definition
| A chronic, progressive disease affecting the skeletal (striated) muscles. Characterized by muscle weakness of hips and arms and degeneration. |
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Term
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Definition
| A tear in the muscles that form a "cuff" over the upper end of the arm. |
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Term
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Definition
| An injury to the body of the muscle or attachment of the tendon, resulting from overstretching, overextension, or misuse. |
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Term
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Definition
| The extraction of a specimen of muscle tissue, through either a biopsy needle or an incisional biopsy, for the purpose of examining it under a microscope. |
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Term
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Definition
| The process of recording the strength of the contraction of a muscle when it is stimulated by an electric current. |
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Definition
| Movement of a bone away from the midline of the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| Movement of a bone toward the midline of the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| Thin layer of cartilage protecting and covering the connecting surfaces of the bone. |
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Term
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Definition
| The point at which two bones come together; a joint. |
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Term
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Definition
| A joint that allows movement in many directions around a central point. |
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Term
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Definition
| Abnormal enlargement of the join at the base of the great toe. |
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Term
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Definition
| Surgical removal of a bunion; removing the bony overgrowth and the bursa. |
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Term
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Definition
| A small sac that contains synovial fluid for lubricating the area around the join where friction is most likely to occur. |
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Term
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Definition
| The manual forcing of a joint back into its original position without making an incision; also called a closed reduction. |
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Term
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Definition
| Clicking or cracking sounds heard upon joint movement. |
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Term
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Definition
| Bending of the foot backward, or upward, at the ankle. Narrows the angle between the leg and the top of the foot. |
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Term
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Definition
| A straightening motion that increases the angle between two bones. |
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Term
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Definition
| A bending motion that decreases the angle between two bones. |
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Term
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Definition
| Surgical removal of a ganglion. |
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Term
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Definition
| A joint that allows movement in one direction; a back-and-forth motion. |
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Term
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Definition
| The space between two connecting bones. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Connective tissue bands that join bone to bone, offering support to the joint. |
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Term
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Definition
| A vague feeling of weakness. |
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Term
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Definition
| The insertion of a needle into a cavity for the purpose of withdrawing fluid. |
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Term
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Definition
| Increased reaction of the skin to exposure to sunlight. |
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Term
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Definition
| Bending of the foot downward, at the ankle, as in ballet dancing. Increases the angle between the leg and the top of the foot. |
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Term
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Definition
| The act of turning the palm down of backward. |
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Term
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Definition
| The turning of a bone on its own axis. |
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Term
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Definition
| Inflammation of the sciatic nerve, marked by pain and tenderness along the path of the nerve through the thigh and leg. |
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Term
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Definition
| An incomplete dislocation. |
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Term
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Definition
| The act of turning the palm up or forward. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A thick lubricating fluid located in synovial joints. |
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Term
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Definition
| The lining of a synovial joint cavity. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The surfaces of the bone fit closely together and are held together by fibrous connective tissue. An immovable joint. |
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Term
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Definition
| The bones are connected by cartilage, as in the symphysis. Allows limited movement. |
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Term
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Definition
| The bones have a space between them called the joint cavity. Bones are held together by ligaments. Free movement joint. |
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Term
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Definition
| Movement of an extremity around in a circular motion. Can be performed with ball-and-socket joints. |
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Term
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Definition
| A shoulder condition characterized by stiffness of the shoulder, limited shoulder movement, and pain; also known as "frozen shoulder." |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A type of arthritis that affects the vertebral column and causes deformities of the spine. |
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Term
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Definition
| An abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the great toe. |
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Term
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Definition
| The displacement of a bone from its normal location within a joint, causing loss of function of the joint. |
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Term
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Definition
| A cystic tumor developing on a tendon; sometimes occurring on the back of the wrist. |
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Term
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Definition
| A form of acute arthritis that is characterized by inflammation of the first metatarsal join of the great toe. |
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Term
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Definition
| The rupture of the central portion, or nucleus, of the disk through the disk wall and into the spinal canal. Also called a ruptured disk or slipped disk. |
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Term
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Definition
| An acute, recurrent, inflammatory infection transmitted through the bite of an infected deer tick. |
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Term
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Definition
| Also known as degenerative join disease. It is the most common form of arthritis and results from wear and tear on the joints, especially weight bearing joints such as the hips and knees. |
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Term
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Definition
| A chronic, systemic, inflammatory disease that affects multiple joints of the body, mainly the small peripheral joints such as in those of the hands and feet. |
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Term
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Definition
| An injury involving the ligaments that surround and support a joint, caused by a wrenching or twisting motion. |
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Term
| systemic lupus erythematosus |
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Definition
| A chronic inflammatory connective tissue disease affecting the skin, joints, nervous system, kidneys, lungs, and other organs. A "butterfly rash" appears on both cheeks, joined by a narrow band across the nose. |
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Term
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Definition
| The surgical puncture of a joint with a needle for the purpose of withdrawing fluid for analysis. |
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Term
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Definition
| An X-ray of a joint after injection of a contrast medium. |
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Term
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Definition
| The process of X-raying the inside of a joint after a contrast media has been injected into the joint. |
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Term
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Definition
| The surgical reconstruction of a joint. |
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Term
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Definition
| The visualization of the interior of a joint by using an endoscope. |
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Term
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Definition
| A blood test that measures the presence of unusual antibodies that develop in a number of connective tissue diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis. |
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Term
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Definition
| A blood test that measures the rate at which erythrocytes settle to the bottom of a test tube filled with unclotted blood. |
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Term
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Definition
| distal interphalangeal (join) |
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Term
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Definition
| erythrocyte sedimentation rate |
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Term
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Definition
| herniated nucleus pulposus |
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Term
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Definition
| metacarpophalangeal (joint) |
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Term
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Definition
| metatarsophalangeal (joint) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| proximal interphalangeal (joint) |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| systemic lupus erythematosus |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| The area between the scrotum and the anus in the male and between the vulva and anus in the female. |
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Term
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Definition
| Inflammation of muscle tissue, especially voluntary muscles caused by infection, trauma, autoimmunity, or infestation by parasites. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Prolonged involuntary muscular contractions that may cause twisting of body parts, repetitive movements, and increased muscular tone. |
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Term
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Definition
| A malignant neoplasm (a new and abnormal formation of tissue as a tumor or growth) originating in skeletal muscle. |
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