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Ch 6 - (3800)
Keywords
34
Engineering
Undergraduate 3
08/29/2010

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Term
AISI-SAE designation
Definition
Classification system that uses a letter designation to identify basic features such as quenching method, primary application, special alloy or characteristic or specific industry involved.
Term
Alloy steel
Definition
– Steels containing more than 1.65% manganese, .60% silicon, or .60% copper
Term
Amorphous metals
Definition
soft magnetic metals that show attractive electrical and magnetic properties. Since the material has no grains or grain boundaries: (1) the magnetic domains can move freely in response to magnetic fields, (2) the properties are the same in all directions, and (3) corrosion resistance is improved.
Term
Austenitic stainless steel
Definition
A stainless steel in which austenite is the stable structure at room temperature, with sufficient amounts of both nickel and chromium.
Term
Bake-hardenable steel
Definition
– Resistant to aging during normal storage but begin to age during sheet-metal forming.
Term
Cast steel
Definition
A ferrous casting alloy containing less than about 2.0% carbon.
Term
Continuous casting
Definition
Can be used to overcome a number of ingot-related difficulties, such as piping, entrapped slag, and structure variation along the length of the product.
Term
Degasification
Definition
Reducing the amounts of all dissolved gases
Term
Deoxidation
Definition
Used to “tie up” the dissolved oxygen.
Term
Dual=phase steels
Definition
These steels use a quench with a temperature above A1 but below A3 to produce a structure of ferrite and high-carbon martensite in an otherwise low- or medium-carbon steel.
Term
Duplex stainless steel
Definition
Contain between 18 and 25% chromium, 4 to 7% nickel, and up to 4% molybdenum, and are water quenched from a hot-working temperature that is between 1000 and 1050C to produce a microstructure that is approximately half ferrite and half austenite.
Term
Electroslag remelting (ESR)
Definition
 can be used to produce extremely clean, gas-free metal.
Term
Ferrite stainless steel
Definition
A corrosion-resistant iron alloy produced that is ferrite at all temperatures below solidification with sufficient chromium and a low level of carbon.
Term
Free-machining steel
Definition
“Basically carbon steels that have been modified by an alloy addition of sulfur, lead, bismuth, selenium, tellurium, or phosphorus to enhance machinability
Term
High-strength low-alloy steel (HSLA)
Definition
 micro alloyed types, which rely largely on chemical composition to develop the desired properties in the as-rolled or normalized conditions.
Term
Iron
Definition
– the 4th most plentiful element in the earth’s crust. Rarely found in the metallic state, but occurs in a variety of mineral compounds known as ores.
Term
Ladle metallurgy
Definition
Refers to a variety of processes designed to provide final purification and to fine-tune both the chemistry and temperature of the melt.
Term
Ladles
Definition
The containment vessel for molten metals. Used historically for transfer and pouring containers and also for additional processing.
Term
Maraging Steel
Definition
Iron alloys which are known for possessing superior strength and toughness without losing malleability, although they can not hold a good cutting edge. These steels are a special class of low-carbon ultra-high-strength steels which derive their strength not from carbon, but from precipitation of inter-metallic compounds. The principal alloying element is 15 to 25% nickel.
Term
Martensitic Stainless Steel
Definition
steels that are low carbon steels with 12% chromium, and 0.12% carbon. They may be tempered and hardened. Martensite gives steel great hardness, but it also reduces its toughness and makes it brittle.
Term
Microalloyed Steel
Definition
a type of alloy steel that contains small amounts of alloying elements (0.05 to 0.15%). Standard alloying elements include:niobium, vanadium, titanium, molybdenum, zirconium, boron, and rare-earth metals. They are used to refine the grain microstructure and/or facilitate precipitation hardening. These steels performance and cost land between carbon steel and low alloy steel.
Term
Pig Iron
Definition
the intermediate product of smelting iron ore with coke, usually with limestone as a flux. Has a very high carbon content, typically 3.5–4.5%,[1] which makes it very brittle and not useful directly as a material except for limited applications. Traditionally it would be worked into wrought iron in finery forges, and later puddling furnaces, more recently into steel.
Term
Plain-Carbon Steel
Definition
steel where the main alloying constituent is carbon. The term "carbon steel" may also be used in reference to steel which is not stainless steel; in this use carbon steel may include alloy steels.
Term
Precipitation-Hardenable Stainless Steel
Definition
These steels are iron-nickel-chromium alloys containing one or more precipitation hardening elements such as aluminum, titanium, copper, niobium, and molybdenum. The precipitation hardening is achieved by a relatively simple aging treatment of the fabricated part. The two main characteristics of all precipitation-hardening stainless steels are high strength and high corrosion resistance
Term
Precoated Steel
Definition
Steel sheets can be ordered plated or dipped to save the cost of finishing products piece-by-piece.
Term
Sensitization
Definition
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Term
Sigma Phase
Definition
A brittle, nonmagnetic phase of tetragonal structure occurring in many transition-metal alloys; frequently encountered in high chromium stainless steels
Term
Silicon Steels
Definition
is specialty steel tailored to produce certain magnetic properties. Aka Electrical Steel. Has up to 6.5% silicon alloyed, manganese and aluminum can be up to 0.5%.
Term
Stainless Steel
Definition
a steel alloy with a minimum of 10.5 or 11% chromium content by mass. Stainless steel does not stain, corrode, or rust as easily as ordinary steel, but it is not stain-proof.
Term
Steel
Definition
is an alloy that consists mostly of iron and has a carbon content between 0.2% and 2.1% by weight.
Term
Tool Steel
Definition
refers to a variety of carbon and alloy steels that are particularly well-suited to be made into tools. Their suitability comes from their distinctive hardness, resistance to abrasion, their ability to hold a cutting edge.
Term
Vacuum Arc Remelting (VAR)
Definition
A vacuum degassing process where at the bottom of the crucible is a small amount of the alloy to be remelted, which the top electrode is brought close to prior to starting the melt. Several kiloamperes of DC current are used to start an arc between the two pieces, and from there, a continuous melt is derived.
Term
Vacuum Degassing
Definition
A ladle of molten metal is placed within a chamber which is then evacuated. This reduces the gas content, particularly hydrogen, as well as reducing non- metallic inclusions.
Term
Vacuum Induction Melting (VIM)
Definition
A vacuum degassing process for melting metal under vacuum conditions using electromagnetic induction. It works by creating electrical eddy currents in the metal which heats the "charge" to melt it. This process is used for refining of high purity metal and alloys, among other things.
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