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Ch 5 - WWCC Medical Terminology
Integumentary System
198
Medical
Professional
10/09/2011

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Term
abrasion
Definition
A scraping or rubbing away of skin or mucous membrane as a result of friction to the area.
Term
abscess
Definition
A localized collection of pus in any part of the body.
Term
albino
Definition
An individual with a marked deficiency of pigment in the eyes, hair, and skin.
Term
alopecia
Definition
Partial or complete loss of hair.
Term
amputation
Definition
The surgical removal of a part of the body of a limp or a pair of limbs.
Term
basal layer
Definition
The deepest of the five layers of the epidermis.
Term
blackhead
Definition
An open comedo, caused by accumulation of keratin and sebum within the opening of a hair follicle.
Term
blister
Definition
A small thin-walled skin lesion containing clear fluid.
Term
boil
Definition
A localized pus-producing infection originating deep in a hair follicle.
Term
bruise
Definition
A bluish-black discoloration of an area of skin or mucous membrane caused by an escape of blood into the tissues as a result of an injury to the area.
Term
bulla
Definition
A large blister.
Term
carbuncle
Definition
A circumscribed inflammation of the skin and deeper tissues that contains pus, which eventually discharges to the skin surface.
Term
cellulitis
Definition
A diffuse acute infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, characterized by localized heat, deep redness, pain, and swelling.
Term
cerumen
Definition
Ear wax.
Term
ceruminous gland
Definition
A modified sweat gland that lubricates the skin of the ear canal with a yellowish-brown waxy substance called cerumen.
Term
cicatrix
Definition
A scar; the pale, firm tissue that forms in the healing of a wound.
Term
circumscribed
Definition
Confined to a limited space or well-defined area.
Term
collagen
Definition
The protein substance that forms the glistening inelastic fibers of connective tissue such as tendons, ligaments, and fascia.
Term
comedo
Definition
The typical lesion of acne vulgaris, caused by an accumulation of keratin and sebum within the opening of a hair follicle.
Term
contusion
Definition
An injury to a part of the body without a break in the skin.
Term
corium
Definition
The dermis; the layer of the skin just under the epidermis.
Term
cryosurgery
Definition
A noninvasive treatment that uses subfreezing temperature to freeze and destroy the tissue.
Term
curettage
Definition
The process of scraping material from the wall of a cavity or other surface for the purpose of removing abnormal tissue or unwanted material.
Term
cutaneous membrane
Definition
The skin.
Term
cuticle
Definition
A fold of skin that covers the root of the fingernail or toenail.
Term
cyanosis
Definition
A condition of a bluish discoloration of the skin.
Term
cyst
Definition
A closed sac or pouch in or within the skin that contains fluid, semifluid, or solid material.
Term
debridement
Definition
Removal of debris, foreign objects, and damaged or necrotic tissue from a wound in order to prevent infection and to promote healing.
Term
dermatitis
Definition
Inflammation of the skin.
Term
dermatologist
Definition
A physician who specializes in the treatment of diseases and disorders of the skin.
Term
dermatology
Definition
The study of the skin.
Term
dermis
Definition
The layer of skin immediately beneath the epidermis.
Term
diaphoresis
Definition
The secretion of sweat.
Term
ecchymosis
Definition
A bluish-black discoloration of an area of the skin or mucous membrane cause by an escape of blood into the tissues as a result of injury to the area.
Term
electrodesiccation
Definition
A technique that uses an electrical spark to burn and destroy tissue.
Term
epidermis
Definition
The outermost layer of skin.
Term
epidermoid cyst
Definition
A cyst filled with a cheesy material composed of sebum and epithelial debris that has formed in the duct of a sebaceous gland.
Term
epithelium
Definition
The tissue that covers that internal and external surfaces of the body.
Term
erythema
Definition
Redness of the skin due to capillary dilation.
Term
erythremia
Definition
An abnormal increase in the number of red blood cells.
Term
erythroderma
Definition
Redness of the skin due to capillary dilation.
Term
excoriation
Definition
An injury to the surface of the skin caused by trauma.
Term
exfoliation
Definition
Peeling or sloughing off of tissue cells.
Term
fissure
Definition
A cracklike sore or groove in the skin or mucous membrane.
Term
fistula
Definition
An abnormal passageway between two tubular organs or from an organ to the body surface.
Term
furuncle
Definition
A localized pus-producing infection originating deep in a hair follicle.
Term
gangrene
Definition
Death of tissue, most often involving the extremities.
Term
hair follicle
Definition
The tiny tube within the dermis that contains the root of a hair shaft.
Term
hair root
Definition
The portion of a strand of hair that is embedded in the hair follicle.
Term
hair shaft
Definition
The visible part of the hair.
Term
hemangioma
Definition
A benign tumor that consists of a mass of blood vessels that has a reddish-purple color.
Term
heparin
Definition
A natural anticoagulant substance produced by the body tissues.
Term
hirsutism
Definition
Excessive body hair in an adult male distribution pattern, occurring in women.
Term
histamine
Definition
A substance that is released in allergic inflammatory reactions.
Term
histiocyte
Definition
Macrophage; a large phagocytic cell occurring in the walls of blood vessels and loose connective tissues.
Term
hives
Definition
Circumscribed, slightly elevated lesions of the skin that are paler in the center than its surrounding edges.
Term
hydrocele
Definition
A collection of fluid located in the area of the scrotal sac in the male.
Term
ichthyosis
Definition
An inherited dermatological in which the skin is dry, hyperkeratotic (hardened), and fissured--resembling fish scales.
Term
integument
Definition
The skin.
Term
integumentary system
Definition
The body system consisting of the skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands.
Term
keratin
Definition
A hard fibrous protein found in the epidermis, hair, nails, enamel of the teeth, and horns of animals.
Term
keratolytic
Definition
An agent used to break down or loosen the horny (hardened) layer of the skin.
Term
laceration
Definition
A tear in the skin.
Term
lanugo
Definition
Soft, very fine hair that covers the body of the developing fetus; this hairy coating is almost completely gone by birth.
Term
lesion
Definition
Any visible damage to the tissues of the skin, such as a wound, sore, rash, or boil.
Term
lipocyte
Definition
A fat cell.
Term
lunula
Definition
The crescent-shaped pale area at the base of the fingernail or toenail.
Term
macrophage
Definition
A large phagocytic cell occurring in the walls of blood vessels and loose connective tissue.
Term
macule
Definition
A small, flat discoloration of the skin that is neither raised nor depressed.
Term
mast cell
Definition
A cell that contains heparin and histamine.
Term
melanin
Definition
A black or dark pigment that contributes color to the skin and helps to filter ultraviolet light.
Term
melanocytes
Definition
Cells responsible for producing melanin.
Term
nail body
Definition
The visible part of the nail.
Term
nodule
Definition
A small, circumscribed swelling protruding above the skin.
Term
oil gland
Definition
One of the many small glands located in the dermis.
Term
onycholysis
Definition
Separation of a fingernail from its bed, beginning at the free margin.
Term
onychomycosis
Definition
Any fungal infection of the nails.
Term
onychophagia
Definition
The habit of biting the nails.
Term
pachyderma
Definition
Abnormal thickening of the skin.
Term
papule
Definition
A small, solid, circumscribed elevation on the skin.
Term
paronychia
Definition
Inflammation of the fold of skin surrounding the fingernail.
Term
pediculosis
Definition
Infestation with lice.
Term
perspiration
Definition
The clear, watery fluid produced by the sweat glands.
Term
petechia
Definition
Small, pinpoint hemorrhages of the skin.
Term
pimple
Definition
A papule of pustule of the skin.
Term
polyp
Definition
A small, stalklike growth that protrudes upward or outward from a mucous membrane surface, resembling a mushroom stalk.
Term
pores
Definition
Openings of the skin through which substances such as water, salts, and some fatty substances are excreted.
Term
pressure ulcer
Definition
An inflammation, sore, or ulcer in the skin over a bony prominence of the body, resulting from loss of blood supply and oxygen to the area due to prolonged pressure on the body part.
Term
pruritus
Definition
Itching.
Term
purpura
Definition
A group of bleeding disorders characterized by bleeding into the skin and mucous membranes.
Term
pustule
Definition
A small elevation of the skin filled with pus.
Term
scales
Definition
Thin flakes of hardened epithelium shed from the epidermis.
Term
sebaceous cyst
Definition
A cyst filled with a cheesy material consisting of sebum and epithelial debris that has formed in the duct of a sebaceous gland.
Term
sebaceous gland
Definition
An oil gland located in the dermis.
Term
seborrhea
Definition
Excessive secretion of sebum, resulting in excessive oiliness or dry scales.
Term
sebum
Definition
The oily secretions of the sebaceous glands.
Term
skin tags
Definition
A small brownish or flesh-colored outgrowth of skin occurring frequently on the neck.
Term
squamous epithelial cells
Definition
Flat scalelike cells arranged in layers.
Term
squamous epithelium
Definition
The single layer of flattened platelike cells that cover internal and external body surfaces.
Term
stratified
Definition
Layered; arranged in layers.
Term
stratum
Definition
A uniformly thick sheet or layer of cells.
Term
stratum basale
Definition
The layer of skin where new cells are continually being reproduced, pushing older cells toward the outermost surface of the skin.
Term
stratum corneum
Definition
The outermost layer of the epidermis, which continually sloughs off or flakes away.
Term
stretch marks
Definition
Linear tears in the dermis that result from overstretching from rapid growth.
Term
subcutaneous tissue
Definition
The fatty layer of tissue located beneath the dermis.
Term
subungual hematoma
Definition
A collection of blood beneath a nail bed, usually the result of trauma.
Term
sudoriferous gland
Definition
A sweat gland.
Term
sweat
Definition
The clear, watery fluid produced by the sweat glands.
Term
sweat gland
Definition
One of the tiny structures within the dermis that produces sweat.
Term
telangiectasia
Definition
The permanent dilation of groups of superficial capillaries and venules.
Term
ulcer
Definition
A circumscribed, open sore or lesion of the skin that is accompanied by inflammation.
Term
urticaria
Definition
A reaction of the skin in which there is an appearance of smooth, slightly elevated patches that are redder or paler than the surrounding skin and often accompanied by severe itching.
Term
vesicle
Definition
A small thin-walled skin lesion containing clear fluid.
Term
vitiligo
Definition
A skin disorder characterized by nonpigmented white patches of skin of varying sizes that are surrounded by skin with normal pigmentation.
Term
wheal
Definition
A circumscribed, slightly elevated lesion of the skin that is paler in the center than its surrounding edges.
Term
whitehead
Definition
A closed comedo caused by accumulation of keratin and sebum within the opening of a hair follicle.
Term
xanthoderma
Definition
Any yellow coloration of the skin.
Term
xeroderma
Definition
A chronic skin condition characterized by roughness and dryness.
Term
adip/o
Definition
fat
Term
caut/o
Definition
burn
Term
cutane/o
Definition
skin
Term
hidr/o
Definition
sweat
Term
hist/o, histi/o
Definition
tissue
Term
ichthy/o
Definition
fish
Term
kerat/o
Definition
hard, horny
Term
lip/o
Definition
fat
Term
myc/o
Definition
fungus
Term
onych/o
Definition
nails
Term
pil/o
Definition
hair
Term
scler/o
Definition
hard
Term
squam/o
Definition
scales
Term
trich/o
Definition
hair
Term
xer/o
Definition
dryness
Term
acne vulgaris
Definition
A common inflammatory disorder seen on the face, chest, back, and neck; appears as papules, pustules, and comedos.
Term
albinism
Definition
A condition characterized by absence of pigment in the skin, hair, and eyes.
Term
burns
Definition
Tissue injury produced by flame, heat, chemicals, radiation, electricity, or gases. The extent of the damage is determined by the mode and duration of exposure, the thermal intensity or temperature, and the anatomic site of the burn.
Term
First-degree (superficial) burn
Definition
Produce redness and swelling of the epidermis, are painful and heal spontaneously with peeling. Example: Sunburn
Term
Second-degree (partial-thickness) burn
Definition
Exhibit a blistering pink to red color and some swelling, involve the epidermis and upper layer of the dermis, are very sensitive and painful, and heal in approximately two weeks. Example: flash contact with hot objects
Term
Third-degree (full-thickness) burn
Definition
Cause tissue damage according to the duration and temperature of the heat source, invlove massive necrosis of the epidermis and entire dermis, and may incluse part of the subcutaneous tissue or muscle. Appear brown, black, tan, white, or deep cherry red and are wet or dry, sunken with eschar (dry crust). Produce pain according to the amount of nerve tissue involved. Example: deep burns from a fire
Term
callus
Definition
A common thickening of the epidermis at sites of external pressure or friction, such as the weight-bearing areas of the feet and on the palmar surface of the hands.
Term
carcinoma, basal cell
Definition
A malignant epithelial cell tumor that begins as a slightly elevated nodule with a depression of ulceration in the center that becomes more obvious as the tumor grows.
Term
carcinoma, squamous cell
Definition
A malignancy of the squamous cells of the epithelial tissue, which is a much faster growing canter than basal cell carcinoma and which has a greater potential for metastasis if not treated.
Term
eczema
Definition
An acute or chronic inflammatory skin condition characterized by erythema, papules, vesicles, pustules, scales, crusts, or scabs and accompanied by intense itching.
Term
exanthematous viral diseases
Definition
A skin eruption or rash accompanied by inflammation, having specific diagnostic features of an infections viral disease.
Term
herpes zoster (shingles)
Definition
An acute viral infection characterized by painful vesicular eruptions on the skin following along the nerve pathways of underlying spinal or cranial nerves.
Term
hyperkeratosis
Definition
An overgrowth of the horny layer of the epidermis.
Term
impetigo
Definition
Contagious superficial skin infection characterized by serous vesicles and pustules filled with millions of staphylococcus or streptococcus bacteria usually forming on the face.
Term
Kaposi's sarcoma
Definition
Vascular malignant lesions that begin as soft purple-brown nodules or plaques on the face and oral cavity but can occur anywhere on the body and gradually spread throughout the skin.
Term
keloid
Definition
An enlarged, irregularly shaped, and elevated scar that forms due to the presence of large amounts of collagen during the formation of the scar.
Term
keratosis
Definition
Skin condition in which there is a thickening and overgrowth of the cornified epithelium.
Term
seborrheic keratosis
Definition
Appears as a brown or waxy yellow wartlike lesion, 5 to 20 mm in diameter, loosely attached to the skin surface.
Term
actinic keratosis
Definition
A premalignant, gray or red-to-brown, hardened lesion caused by excessive exposure to sunlight.
Term
leukoplakia
Definition
White, hard, thickened patches firmly attached to the mucous membrane in areas such as the mouth, vulva, or penis.
Term
malignant melanoma
Definition
Malignant skin tumor originating from melanocytes in preexisting nevi, freckles, or skin with pigment; darkly pigmented cancerous tumor.
Term
nevus (mole)
Definition
A visual accumulation of melanocytes, creating a flat or raised rounded macule or papule with definite borders.
Term
onychocryptosis
Definition
Ingrown nail.
Term
pemphigus
Definition
A rare incurable disorder manifested by blisters in the mouth and on the skin which spread to involve large areas of the body, including the chest, face, umbilicus, back, and groin.
Term
pilonidal cyst
Definition
A closed sac located in the sacrococcygeal area of the back, sometimes noted at birth as a dimple.
Term
psoriasis
Definition
A common, noninfectious, chronic disorder of the skin manifested by silvery-white scales covering round, raised, reddened plaques producing itching.
Term
rosacea
Definition
A chronic inflammatory skin disease that mainly affects the skin of the middle third of the face. The individual has persistent redness over the areas of the face, nose, and cheeks.
Term
scabies
Definition
A highly contagious parasitic infestation caused by the "human itch mite," resulting in a rash, pruritus, and slightly raised thread-like skin lines.
Term
scleroderma
Definition
A gradual thickening of the dermis and swelling of the hands and feet to a state in which the skin is anchored to the underlying tissue.
Term
systemic lupus erythematosus
Definition
A chronic, multisystem, inflammatory disease characterized by lesions of the nervous system and skin, renal problems, and vasculitis. A red rash known as the "butterfly rash" is often seen on the nose and face.
Term
tinea
Definition
More commonly known as ringworm, a chronic fungal infection of the skin that is characterized by scaling, itching, and sometimes painful lesions.
Term
tinea capitis
Definition
Ringworm of the scalp.
Term
tinea corporis
Definition
Ringworm of the body.
Term
tinea cruris
Definition
Ringworm of the groin.
Term
tinea pedis
Definition
Ringworm of the foot.
Term
verruca
Definition
A benign, circumscribed, elevated skin lesion that results from hypertrophy of the epidermis. Commonly known as a wart.
Term
allergy testing
Definition
Various procedures used to identify specific allergens in an individual by exposing the person to a very small quantity of the allergen.
Term
cautery
Definition
Heat or caustic substance that burn and scar the skin.
Term
dermabrasion
Definition
Removal of the epidermis and a portion of the dermis with sandpaper or brushes to eliminate superficial scars or unwanted tattoos.
Term
dermatoplasty
Definition
Skin transplantation to a body surface damaged by injury or disease.
Term
electrosurgery
Definition
The removal or destruction of tissue with an electrical current.
Term
escharotomy
Definition
An incision made into the necrotic tissue resulting from a severe burn.
Term
fulguration
Definition
A technique using an electrical spark to burn and destroy tissue.
Term
liposuction
Definition
Aspiration of fat through a suction cannula or curette to alter the body contours.
Term
skin biopsy
Definition
The removal of a small piece of tissue from a skin lesion for the purpose of examining it under a microscope to confirm or establish a diagnosis.
Term
skin graft
Definition
A process of placing tissue on a recipient site, taken from a donor site, to provide the protective mechanisms of skin to an area unable to regenerate skin.
Term
Wood's lamp
Definition
An ultraviolet light used to examine the scalp and skin for the purpose of observing fungal spores.
Term
Bx, bx
Definition
biopsy
Term
decub.
Definition
decubitus (ulcer); pressure sore
Term
derm.
Definition
dermatology
Term
DLE
Definition
discoid lupus erythematosus
Term
EAHF
Definition
eczema, asthma, and hay fever
Term
FANA
Definition
fluorescent antinuclear antibody
Term
FS
Definition
frozen section
Term
ID
Definition
intradermal
Term
I&D
Definition
incision and drainage
Term
LE
Definition
(systemic) lupus erythematosus
Term
PPD
Definition
purified protein derivative
Term
PSS
Definition
progressive systemic scleroderma
Term
SLE
Definition
systemic lupus erythematosus
Term
subq.
Definition
subcutaneous
Term
TENS
Definition
transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
Term
ung.
Definition
ointment
Term
UV
Definition
ultraviolet (light)
Term
XP, XDP
Definition
xeroderma pigmentosum
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