Term
| 4 Components of a Cell Membrane |
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Definition
Phospholipid bilayer; Flexible matrix, barrier to permeability
Transmembrane proteins; Integral membrane proteins
Interior protein network; Peripheral membrane proteins
Cell surface markers;Glycoproteins and glycolipids |
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Term
| Phospholipid bilayer consists of: |
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Definition
| Glycerol – a 3-carbon polyalcohol, 2 fatty acids attached to the glycerol, & Phosphate group attached to the glycerol |
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Term
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Definition
| Extensive nonpolar regions within a transmembrane protein can create a pore through the membrane, Cylinder of b sheets |
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Definition
| movement of molecules through the membrane in which, No energy is required, Molecules move in response to a concentration gradient |
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Definition
| movement of molecules from high concentration to low concentration, Will continue until the concentration is the same on both sides of a membrane. |
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Term
| The major barrier to crossing a biological membrane is... |
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Definition
| the hydrophobic interior of the phospholipid bilayer (fatty acid chains) that repels polar molecules |
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Term
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Definition
| Molecules that cannot cross membrane easily may move through proteins, membrane is selectively permeable |
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Term
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Definition
Allow the passage of ions
3 conditions determine direction
Relative concentration on either side of membrane
Voltage differences across membrane
Gated channels – channel open or closed |
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Term
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Definition
| Can help transport both ions and other solutes, such as some sugars and amino acids, Must bind to the molecule they transport |
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Definition
| rate of transport limited by number of transporters important |
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Definition
| net diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane from its own high concentration to its own low concentration. |
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Definition
| has a higher solute concentration – than the CELL |
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Definition
| a lower solute concentration - than the CELL |
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Definition
| When two solutions have the same osmotic concentration |
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Definition
| are a special class of “channel proteins” that facilitate osmosis |
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Definition
| Force needed to stop osmotic flow; If membrane is not strong, may burst |
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Definition
| which water is ejected through contractile vacuoles |
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Definition
| Used by plant cells to push the cell membrane against the cell wall and keep the cell rigid |
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Definition
| Requires energy; Moves substances from low to high concentration; Requires the use of highly selective carrier proteins |
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Definition
| move one molecule at a time (carrier protrein in Active Transport) |
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Definition
| Carrier protein in active transport used to move two molecules in the same direction |
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Definition
| move two molecules in opposite directions |
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Definition
| Uses ATP indirectly, Symporter, Uses the energy released when a molecule moves by diffusion to supply energy to active transport of a different molecule |
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Term
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Definition
| Movement of substances into the cell |
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Term
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Definition
| cell takes in particulate matter |
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Definition
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Term
| Receptor-mediated endocytosis |
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Definition
| specific molecules are taken in after they bind to a receptor |
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Term
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Definition
| Movement of substances out of cell, Requires energy |
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