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Ch 5-9
vocab
49
Psychology
Undergraduate 2
04/03/2012

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Sense Organs
Definition
Organs that receive stimuli
Term
Sensory Organs
Definition
Cells in sense that organs translate messages into neural impulses that are sent to the brain
Term
sensation
Definition
recieving, translating, & transmitting messages
Term
perception
Definition
organizing and interpreting information reieved
Term
stimulus
Definition
any aspect of the outside world taht directly influences our behavior or conscious experience
Term
transduction
Definition
translation of energy from one from to another
Term
absolute threshold
Definition
smallest magnitude of a stimulus that can be detected half the time
Term
difference threshold
Definition
smallest magnitude of a stimulus that can be detected half the time
Term
sensory adaptation
Definition
weakened magnitude of a sensation resulting from prolonged presentation of the stimulus
Term
psychophysics
Definition
specialty area of psychology that studies sensory limits, sensory adaptation, and related topics
Term
webers's law
Definition
amount of change in stimulus needed ot detect a diference is in direct proportion to the intensity of the original stimulus
Term
electromagnetic radiation
Definition
form of genery including electricity, radio waves, and x-rays, of which light is a part
Term
retina
Definition
without this, you cannot retain anything
Term
rods
Definition
125 million cells located outside the center of the retina that transduce light waves into neural impulses, thereby coding info about lgiht and dark
Term
cones(color)
Definition
6 million receptor cells located mostly in the center of the retina that transduce light waves into neural impulses, thereby coding information about light, dark and color
Term
fovea
Definition
central spot of the retina, contains the greatest concentration of cones
Term
visual acuity
Definition
clarity and sharpness of vision
Term
optic nerve
Definition
nerve that carries neural messages about vision to the brain
Term
blind spot
Definition
optic nerve attaches to the retina, no rods or cones
Term
optic chaism
Definition
brain area where left eye connects to right. right eye connects to left.
Term
dark adaptation
Definition
increased sensitiviity of the eye in semidarkenss following a reduction in overall illumination
Term
light adaptation
Definition
regaining sensitivity of the eye to bright light following an increase in overall illumination
Term
trichromatic theory
Definition
theory of color vision contending that the eye has three different kinds of cones, each of which responds to light of one range of wavelength
Term
opponent-process theory
Definition

color vision contending the visual system with 2 color processors.

green-blue, red-yellow.

Term
audition
Definition
hearing
Term
 frequencey of cycle
Definition

rate of vibration of sound waves

 

pitch

Term
Major Structures of the Ear
Definition
The hammer and anvil makes the horse shoe stirrups to ride the hourse, the horse goes to the oval window
Term
gustation
Definition
taste
Term
basilar membrane
Definition
one of the membranes that separate the two tubes of the cochela and on which the organ of corti rests
Term
kinesthetic receptors
Definition
muscles, joints and skin that offer info about orientation and movement of the head and body
Term
semicircular canals
Definition
three nearly circulat tubesz int he vestibular organs that inform the brain about tilts of the head and body
Term
olfaction
Definition
smell
Term
perceptual constancy
Definition
tendency for perceptions of objets to remain relatively unchanged in spite of changes in raw sensations
Term
monocular cues
Definition
8 visual cues seen with 1eye open that allows us to perceive depth
Term
binocular cues
Definition
2 visual cues that require both eyes to allow us to perceive depth
Term
consciousness
Definition
state of awareness
Term
day dreams
Definition
relatively focused thinking about fantasies
Term
divided consciousness
Definition
2 conscious activities that occur simultaneously
Term
unconscious mind
Definition
mental processes occuring without awareness
Term
hypnagogic state
Definition
relaxed stte of dreamlike awareness b/t wakefulness/sleep
Term
myoclonia
Definition
abrupt movement that sometimes occurs during hte hypnagogic state where the sleepr experiences a sens of falling
Term
dreaming
Definition
conscious awareness during slep that primarily occurs diring rapid-eye-movement
Term
REM Sleep
Definition
rapdi eye movement sleep
Term
day residue
Definition
dream content that is similar to events in the person's waking life
Term
manifest content
Definition
literal meaing for dreams
Term
latent content
Definition
meaning of dream that are found in the symbols of ther content
Term
night terrors
Definition
upsetting nocturnal experiences that occur most often in preschool-age children during deep non-REM sleep
Term
sleepwalking
Definition
walking and carring on complicated activities during the deepest part of non rem sleep
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