Term
| blepharitis what is it and who gets it |
|
Definition
| inflammation of the eylid occurs mostly in older adults with dry eyes |
|
|
Term
| what are the s/s of blephritis |
|
Definition
| red itchy eyes with seborhea (scaling of the eyebrows) |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| warm compresses scrub with baby shampoo |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| turning inward of the yelid causing the lashed to rub against the eye |
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|
Term
| i feel as though i have something in my eye |
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Definition
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|
Term
| ectropin what si it who gets it and what is caused from having this |
|
Definition
turning outward of the lashes of the eye occurs with aging
this position redces the washing action of tears |
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|
Term
| ectropin what si it who gets it and what is caused from having this |
|
Definition
turning outward of the lashes of the eye occurs with aging
this position redces the washing action of tears |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| infection of the sweat gland in the eyelid of the sebacceous gland |
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|
Term
| vision is not affected witha a hordeulum what is |
|
Definition
| affects one eyelid at a time caused by strep staph |
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|
Term
| how to care for a stye, when is the pain relived |
|
Definition
| warm compresses- when leasion opens the pain is gone |
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|
Term
chalazion what is it
what are the s/s
how to treat |
|
Definition
inflammation of the sebacoeus gland in the eyelid
the pt has eye fatigue light sesitivity and tears
warm compress |
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|
Term
| keratonconjunctivits sicca |
|
Definition
| dry eye syndrome from cahnges intear produciton |
|
|
Term
| what does the pt feel with keratonoconjunctivitis |
|
Definition
something in the eye
photophobia
mucus strnads in tears |
|
|
Term
| what is the treatment for keratoconjuntivits |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when can a hemorrhage occur int he eye |
|
Definition
| increased pressure from sneezing coughing vomintting |
|
|
Term
| allergic conjunctivits/ bacterial conjutivits |
|
Definition
edema and buring with blood shot appearance
bacterial is pink eye |
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|
Term
| trachoma what is it and how is it passed |
|
Definition
| chronic conjuctivits from chlamydia- it scars the conjuctivea most common in climates where sanitation is poor |
|
|
Term
| what happens as the disease progresses with trachoma |
|
Definition
| eyelashes turn inward and scratch the cornea |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| scrape or scratch of the cornea from organisms, truama or contact lens |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| from bacterial protozoal fungal infections of the epithelium |
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|
Term
| why is a corneal ulceration a emergency |
|
Definition
| because it can separate the blood supply and permentaly impair vision |
|
|
Term
| what will the cornea look like with an ulcer |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what meds are used in a corneal abrasion |
|
Definition
| broad spectrum until results are known steroids may be used also to reduce inflammatory response |
|
|
Term
| what are some rules to use when a pt has a corneal ulcer |
|
Definition
| do not wear makeup dont wear contact lenses |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| degeneration of the corneal tissue resulting n abnormal corneal shape |
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|
Term
| what is done to cure keratoconus |
|
Definition
| keratoplasty- corneal transplant |
|
|
Term
| how is a kertonaplasty done |
|
Definition
| nerves around or behind the eye are numbed 7-8m of the center of the cornea are removed the corneal graft is sutrued into place |
|
|
Term
| if the pt has discharge or bleeding from around the graft site of a keratoplaty what should be done |
|
Definition
| report to the surgeon immediately |
|
|
Term
| what should we teach the pt to report within 48 hours of a keratonoplasty |
|
Definition
eye pain
light flashes
floaters |
|
|
Term
| what would graft rejection look like in a corneal transplant |
|
Definition
| inflammation at the edge of the cornea to the center- cornea becomes cloudy |
|
|
Term
| if a pt is deceased and is a eye donor what s done |
|
Definition
raise hob 30
instill antibiotic drops
close eyes and apply ice pack |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| lens that distorts the image projected onto the retina |
|
|
Term
| what are some s/s of early cataracts |
|
Definition
| blurred vision and decreased color perception- like a smudge on a lens |
|
|
Term
| what is the only cure for cataracts |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is stressed to care for after a catarcts surgery |
|
Definition
| instillation of different types of drops daily |
|
|
Term
| what is the pt to wear after cataracts surgery |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what to tell a pt about pain after cataract surgery |
|
Definition
| [ain should be mild with a blood shot appearance but if it is increased it culd mean there is increased IOP{ |
|
|
Term
| what is normal discharge after cataract suregery |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what should be avoided after cataracs surgery |
|
Definition
water in the eyes
driving
and anything that iwll increase IOP |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| eye disorder that causes IOP |
|
|
Term
| what is the patho behind glaucoma |
|
Definition
| vitroues humor is made as the eye forms and when it is complete the amount of volume does not change but the aqueous humor continues to be made and the ciliary bodies secrete this fluid too much is made |
|
|
Term
| what does a normalIOP pressure require a balance of |
|
Definition
| between produciton of the aqueouos humor and outflow |
|
|
Term
| primary open ended angle glaucoma |
|
Definition
| affects both eyes because the fluid cant leave the eye at the same rate it is produced |
|
|
Term
| priamry angle closed glaucoma |
|
Definition
| sudden onset and is an emergency forward displacement of the iris which obstructs the lfow of the aqueous humor |
|
|
Term
| early manifestation and late of pimary open angle glaucoma |
|
Definition
| loss of vision but its lsow so it may go unnoticed/ late is irreversibel damage to the optic nerve the pt sees halos and has a loss of peripheral vision |
|
|
Term
| what will an exam revela in a pt with glaucoma |
|
Definition
| atrophy of the optic disc and turn grey in color |
|
|
Term
| s/s of primary angle closure glaucoma |
|
Definition
| sudden with sever pain aorund the eye blurred vison seeing halos |
|
|
Term
| when more then one drug is used for eyedrops what is taught |
|
Definition
| to wait 10 to 15 min between drops to avoid wash out of the drugs |
|
|
Term
| whenare systemic osmotic eye drops given |
|
Definition
| angle closure glaucoma to rapidlyreduce iOP |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| removes a section of the scleara to allow more drainage of aqueous humor |
|
|
Term
| a serious complication of a glaucoma surgery is chorodal hemorrhage what happens if IOP is too low |
|
Definition
| fluid may enter subarachnoid spce and casue detachment |
|
|
Term
| what are 3 s/s of choroidal hemorrhage |
|
Definition
acute paindecreased vision
vital sign changes |
|
|
Term
| vitreous hemorrhage what is it and how does it occur |
|
Definition
| bleeding into the viterous cavity can result from aging truama diabetes |
|
|
Term
| what will a pt with a mild vitreous hemorrhage see |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when any part of the uveiti is inflammed; the iris capillary or the choroid |
|
|
Term
| anteroir uvietis what does this affect and why/ what are the s/s |
|
Definition
inflammation of the iris or the ciliary body or both- usually allergies but can be viral or bacterial-
pt has aching, tearing, nonreactive pupil and bloodshot |
|
|
Term
| posterior uvetisis whats is infected and how do they get it |
|
Definition
| retinits or chroiretinits- occurs with tb, syphilis and toxoplasmosis |
|
|
Term
| the onset of posterior uveitis is slow and painless with reduced vision what is the pupil/ what is done to treat this |
|
Definition
small and noreactive-
rest ciliary muscels and use a drug to paralyze ciliary muscles |
|
|
Term
| macular degeneration what are the 2 types |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| macular degeneration dry; how does this happen |
|
Definition
caused by blockage of the retinal capillaries, this allows the cells to become ischemix and necrotic
rod and cone recpetors die |
|
|
Term
| who has a more progressive rate of dry macular degeneration |
|
Definition
| smokers and hypertension short |
|
|
Term
| executive degeneration what is the patho behind this |
|
Definition
can occur in one eye or bothsudden decrease in vision after a serious detachment of epithelium in the macula
newly formed blood vessels blister resulting in scar formation and visual distortion |
|
|
Term
| how is dry macular degenreation treated |
|
Definition
| there is no cure so they suggest increasing intake of antioxidants, b12, and carotenes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| rhegmatogenous detachments |
|
Definition
| occur following a hole or tear in the retina from mechanical force |
|
|
Term
| how is the onset of any retinal detachement |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| why is retinal detachment painless |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| curtain being pulled over their eyes flashes of light |
|
|
Term
| if a retinal hole or tear is discovered before detachment how can it be sealed or closed |
|
Definition
| cryotherapy photocoagulation or diathermy |
|
|
Term
| how can you promote reattachment of the retina |
|
Definition
| silicone is placed against sclera and held in place by a band to keep retina attached to the choroid and promote attachement |
|
|
Term
| after a sclear buckling surey what will occur if the surgen has used gas or oil in the eye |
|
Definition
| postion the pt on their abdomen with head turned so affected eye is facing up so gas can be absorbed |
|
|
Term
| what should you teach the pt to NOT do after sclera buckling usrgery |
|
Definition
| close hand projects like sewing writng and reading becuase it promotes rapid eye movements and detachment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when retinal nerves degenerate and the pigmented cells of the retina grow |
|
|
Term
| what is the earliest manifestation of retinal pigmentosa |
|
Definition
| night blindness occuring inchildhood |
|
|
Term
| what drug should be avoided in those with retinal pigmentosa |
|
Definition
| isotrentioin and drugs that help erectile dysfunciton |
|
|
Term
| what is recomended in those with retina pigmentosa |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are some complications of lasiks |
|
Definition
| overcorrection or undercorrection of he problem |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hemorrhgae in the inter chamber from force applied to the eye that breaks blood vessles |
|
|
Term
| what is management for hyphema |
|
Definition
| bedrest in semifowlers minimal eye movements |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| why is a corneal laceration an emergency |
|
Definition
| it can prolapse thru the laceration |
|
|
Term
| why does a opthamalogist only remove an object int heeye |
|
Definition
| it may be the only thing holding it into place |
|
|
Term
| ocular melanoma how can it spread to the brain |
|
Definition
| because of its rich blood supply can invade the brain and nearby tissue |
|
|
Term
| never leave the pt in the center of a unfamilar room if they have |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how to ambulate a pt with reduced vision |
|
Definition
| let them grasp their hand and arm or elbow |
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