Term
|
Definition
| ACE Inhibitors works by blocking aldosterone release; aldosterone holds NA+ and NA+ holds H2o. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Angiotensis II Receptor Blockers (ARB's) |
|
|
Term
Venous Insufficiency
Pain |
|
Definition
persistent pain "Dull and achy |
|
|
Term
Venous Insufficiency
Color |
|
Definition
| cyanotic when in dependent position (legs down like in a chair) |
|
|
Term
Venous Insufficiency
Temp |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
venous insufficiency
skin appearance |
|
Definition
| brown pigmentation around ankles/calves, varicose veins, venous stasis, ulcers, edema |
|
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Term
|
Definition
thigh high TED hose, elevate legs to reduce edema
surgical:
arterial bypass and embolectomy |
|
|
Term
Arterial Insufficiency
Color |
|
Definition
| pale extremities when elevated, reddish-purple when down |
|
|
Term
Arterial Insufficiency
Pain |
|
Definition
| "Sharp" pain in lower extremities, subsides w/ rest |
|
|
Term
arterial insufficiency
temp
|
|
Definition
| cool skin w/ decreased/dimished pulses; dorsalis pedis/posterior tibial |
|
|
Term
arterial insufficiency
skin appearance |
|
Definition
| hairloss on lower extremities w/ scaly, flaky mottled skin. ankle pressue less than brachial pressure |
|
|
Term
arterial insufficiency
tx |
|
Definition
meds pentoxifylline or cilostazol to make RBC's more flexible.
Surgical:
vein ligation (stripping), thrombectomy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Pain
Pallor
Paresthesias
Poikilothermia (cool or warm temp)
Pulselessness
Paralysis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
PTT
Partial Thromboplastin Time |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Protamine Sulfate
for heparin OD |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
PT/INR
Prothrombin Time
International Normalized Ratio |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Vitamin K
AquaMEPHYton
in green leafy veggies |
|
|
Term
| Important thing to remember when discharging pt on coumadin/heparin |
|
Definition
| start coumadin therapy 2-3 days before discharge while still on heparin |
|
|
Term
Enoxaparin Sodium-Lovenox
Lab to detect values |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Lovenox
low-molecular weight heparin |
|
|
Term
S1
Closure of what valves? |
|
Definition
Lubb
Closure of AV valves |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Dubb
closure of Semilunar valves |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Atrioventicular Valves
R Tricuspid Valve
L Bicuspid or Mitral Valve |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
R pulmonary Semilunar Valve
L Aortic Semilunar Valve |
|
|
Term
1. Lubb to Dubb is
2.after dubb is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| extra diastole sound indicates CHF |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| before S1, extra diastole sound. indicates impending acute MI |
|
|
Term
Heart Failure S/S
Left and Right Side
|
|
Definition
Left Side:
crackles d/t too much fluid backing up and pushing fluid into lungs
ABG's show acidosis
Right side:
peripheral edema
and edema of organs
ascites-abdomen distended from fluid
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| diuretics, NAS, fluid restrictions, strict I's and O's, daily weights |
|
|
Term
Marker of CHF
(released by) |
|
Definition
Homocystine
stretching of ventricles |
|
|
Term
1. most common type of cardiomyapathy
2. least? |
|
Definition
1. dialated cardiomyopathy
2. restricted cardiomyopathy |
|
|
Term
| Serum cardiac marker for acute myocardial infarction |
|
Definition
troponin I
over a 2, if positive bed rest! |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
morphine, o2, nitroglycerine, aspirin
given in the order of aspirin, o2, nitroglycerine, morphine |
|
|
Term
| o2, morphine, nitroglycerine all do what? |
|
Definition
| vasodialator to relieve pain |
|
|
Term
| antidote to opiates and morhine |
|
Definition
Naloxone AKA Narcan
reverses opiates |
|
|
Term
1.Lidocain is a?
2. given for?
|
|
Definition
1. slow sodium channel blocker
2. ventricular dysrhythmias |
|
|
Term
| If Lidocain don't work on ventricular dysrhythmias? |
|
Definition
give Amiodarone
a K+ channel blocker |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Atria does not squeez and pump blood effectively, it quivers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
P wave-atrial depolarization(work)
QRS complex-ventricle depoloarization(work)
T wave-ventricle repolarization (rest) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| heart's inability to act as an effective pump |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the thoracic cavity b/t the visceral and parietal pleurae |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an abnormal condt in which a person must sit or stand in order to breath deeply or comfortably |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| blood urea nitrogen and creatinine determined by glomerular filtration |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| infection or inflammation of the inner membranous lining of the heart particularly the valves |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| group of heart muscle diseases that primarily affect the structural or functional ability of the myocardium |
|
|
Term
| nicotine on the cardiovascular/peripheral system |
|
Definition
| acts as a vasoconstrictor and causes spasms of the arteries, elevates BP and reduces circulation to the extremities. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| enlarged, dialated portion of an artery that is more than one and a half times the arteries circumference. must involved all three layers of artery. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of a vein in conjunction w/ the formation of a thrombus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chronic blood pooling in the veins |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tortuous dilated vein with incomplete valves |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| occurs from chronic deep vein insufficiency and stasis of blood in the venous system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| superior/inferior vena cava----r atrium---tricuspid valve---r ventricle----pulmonary semilunar valve---pulmonary artery---capillaries in the lung---pulmonary veins---l atrium---bicuspid valve---l ventricle----aortic semilunar valve---aorta |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Myocardial Infarction
Occlusion of a major coronary artery or one of its branches w/ subsequent necrosis of the myocardium caused by atheroschlerosis or an embolus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| End diastole; ventricles are "loaded" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| more systole; pressure of the fluid the heart most overcome to push fluid away from the heart |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Hemoglobin/Hematocrit
Hematocrit measures the amount of red blood cells that are in blood.
Hemoglobin is a protein-iron compound in the blood that carries oxygen from the lungs to all cells. A hemoglobin test determines how much hemoglobin is in the blood. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Together, the hematocrit and hemoglobin tests help diagnose anemia and polycythemia. Anemia is a shortage of red blood cells due to reduced production of red cells, destruction of red cells, or loss of red cells from internal or external bleeding. Polycythemia is production of too many red blood cells. |
|
|
Term
| Lowest pH to sustain life |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| decreasing b/p and weak rapid pulse |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| B-type natriuretic peptide BNP |
|
|
Term
| most useful diagnostic tool for evaluating pt w/ HF |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| electrocardiogram findings during an MI |
|
Definition
| are less likely to show ST-segment elevation in woman than in men |
|
|
Term
decreased cardiac output
correct nursing interventions |
|
Definition
assess for and report decreased b/p and dysrhthmias
assess for oliguria
administer O2 therapy as ordered |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
cardiotonic drugs
diuretic agents
ACE inhibitors, beta-adrenergic blockers, nitrates |
|
|
Term
| Thrombolytic agents such as streptokinase and tissue plasminogen activators such as alteplase and activase dissolve bc. Most effective for an MI when given how soon? |
|
Definition
| in the first 30 min to 1 hr |
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|
