Term
| what will you be monitroing the pt with an aneurysm or arteriovenus malformation s/s of |
|
Definition
| hjydrocephalus and vasospasms |
|
|
Term
| hydrocephalus where is the increased fluid |
|
Definition
| within the ventricular or subarachnoid space |
|
|
Term
| what are the s/s of hydrocephalus |
|
Definition
headach
change in loc
poor coordination
gait |
|
|
Term
| rebleeding is common in those with aneurysm when can it occur |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what may be given as drug therapies after a stroke 3 |
|
Definition
asprin within 24 hours but then after that there shouldnt be asprin given if there is rtPA therapy.
lorazapan to prevent vasospams
stool softeners to prevent valsalva maneuver |
|
|
Term
| distal embolic protection device |
|
Definition
| this catches clots that breaks off during a CAS procedure |
|
|
Term
| if a person is recieving an embolic protecting device what s/s are a complication called hyperperfusion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| remove arthscerosis plaque from inner lining of the carodit artery |
|
|
Term
| extracranial intracranial bypass |
|
Definition
| bypasses the blocker artery to establish blood flow around the blocked arery |
|
|
Term
| what is the best thing to do for a person after they had a stroke for swallowing |
|
Definition
| npo until swallowing is evaluated |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is slurred speech often from |
|
Definition
| slurred speech may be from a facial weakness or muscle disfunction rather then a side of the brain |
|
|
Term
| expressive brocas aphasia |
|
Definition
| damge in the brocas area of the frontal lobe the pt can understand whats being said but can not communicate verbally |
|
|
Term
| receptive wernicks aphasia |
|
Definition
| injury to the wernickes area in the tempproal area the pt can not understand or the written word but can talk |
|
|
Term
| what stroke pt will often use neologism |
|
Definition
| the one with wernickes apashia |
|
|
Term
| what are 5 ways of communicating with a pt with aphasia |
|
Definition
idea in one scentence
simple commands
speak slowly
use yes and no questions
use communicaiton board if needed |
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|
Term
| how do we begin a bladder training program |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| pt with right hemisphere problems will typically have problems with visual and perception so how can we help them 4 |
|
Definition
approach from unaffected side
put a patch on effected eye
reoreient
establish a consistant routine |
|
|
Term
| unilateral neglect who typically has it and what are two teaching techniques |
|
Definition
common in those with right sided stroke
teach to use both sides of the body
remind them to dress with the affected side first |
|
|
Term
| direct injury to the head/ indirect |
|
Definition
force produced o the head/
force applied to another par of the body that affects the head |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| occurs at the time of injury from physical stress within the tissue from open or closed head trauma |
|
|
Term
| open head/ closed head trauma |
|
Definition
when skull is fractured or peirced by object/
from blunt force to the head |
|
|
Term
| glawscow coma scale score of 13 to 15 and a loc up to 15 minutes relect a ____tbi |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| sever head injury is a score |
|
Definition
| 3 to 8 and loc for longer then 6 hours |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
amnesia
headache seizure
dilopia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| clean simple break when the bone bends inward and bends outward |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bone is pressed into the brain tissue of the skull |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| scalp is lacerated with an opening to the brain tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fragments of bone with bone into the brain tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| base of the skull extends into the fossa and results in csf with leakage into the ears and nose |
|
|
Term
| a basilar skull fracute has the potential to hemorrhage and cause damage to what cranial nerves |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| shakey movement in the brain |
|
|
Term
| diffuse axonal injury what is it and what damge ocurs |
|
Definition
from high speed acceleration deceleration crashes
damage in the white matter |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the first response to ICP within the three compnents |
|
Definition
| the csf is shunted or displaced from the cranial components into the spinal subachranoid space or the csf absorption rate is increased |
|
|
Term
| an increase in ICP can decrease tissue perfusion, and decrease ph with increased co2 what happens if left untreasted |
|
Definition
| the brain may herinate downward |
|
|
Term
| what are the 2 types of ICP |
|
Definition
| vasogenic edema and cytotoxic edema |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| icp in the adult it increases in the voume of brain tissue from abnormal permability of the cerbral vessles |
|
|
Term
| when does cytotoxic edema occur |
|
Definition
| from hypoxic edema that causes a disturbance in the na/k potassium pump / the brain is is depleated of o2 and gluclose |
|
|
Term
| interstitial edema occur when |
|
Definition
| acute brain swelling and ia associated with elevated bp |
|
|
Term
| cerebral perfusion pressure what is it and what influences it by |
|
Definition
| graident over the brain is perfused it is influenced by o2 bp, edema |
|
|
Term
| three major types of hemorrhage after TBI |
|
Definition
epidural
subdural
intracerbral hemorrhage |
|
|
Term
| epidural hematoma what is it and what does the pt have |
|
Definition
| from arterial bleeding into the space between the dura and the inner skull the pt has Lucid intervals |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| results from venous bleeding into the space beneath the dura and above the arachnoid space it occurs from tearing of the laceration of the brain tissue |
|
|
Term
| what could be a potential cause of hydrocephalus from imparied reabsorption and what is this known as |
|
Definition
| impaired absorption in the arachnoid villi called communicating hydrocephalus |
|
|
Term
| uncus brain herniation what is it and what cranial nerve is involved |
|
Definition
| shift and downward herniation that can cause the third cranial nerve |
|
|
Term
| what is a clinical finding in herniation f the brain |
|
Definition
| chenye stokes respiration and pinpoint and nonreactive pupils |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
hypertension
widened pulse pressure
bradycardia |
|
|
Term
| pinpoint and nonreactive pupils are a signs of brainstem dysfunction where |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| those who have fixed nonreactive pupils |
|
|
Term
| what is a loss of vision due to with brain injuries |
|
Definition
| injury to the occipital lobe |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| edema and hyperemia of the optic disk |
|
|
Term
| many of those admitted with a head injury have an increased temp why is this |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| co2 is a ____ in the brain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are some drug therapies with ICP |
|
Definition
osmoid diuretics
lasix
fentynl |
|
|
Term
| what is a drug that is not used |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| barbituate coma how does it work |
|
Definition
| decrease the metabolic demands on the brain and cerebral blood flow, also decreases the vasogenic edema |
|
|
Term
| what are two thing a pt with ICP are at risk for becuase of fluid and electrolyte imbalances |
|
Definition
| diabetes and syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic horomone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| this can be made into the brain to place a elevtronic device to see what the pt electronic impulses in the brain are |
|
|
Term
| what are some self management techniques in minor head injury for the pt 4 |
|
Definition
wake every 2 hours
acetaminophen for headache
do not give seditives or depressants
do not engage in strenous activites |
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|
