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| The process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive and represent stimulus energies from our environment |
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| The process of organizing and interpreting sensory information, enabling us to recognize meaningful objects and events |
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| Analysis that begins with the sensory receptors and works up to the brain's integration of sensory information |
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| Information processing guided by higher-level mental processes as when we construct perceptions drawing on our experience and expectations |
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| The focusing of conscious awareness in a particular stimulus |
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| Failing to see visible objects when our attention is directed elsewhere |
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| Failing to notice changes in the environment |
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| The study of relationships between the physical characteristics of stimuli, such as their intensity, and our psychological experience of them |
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| The minimum stimulation needed to detect a particular stimulus 50 percent of the time |
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| A theory predicting how and when we detect the presence of a faint stimulus amid background stimulation |
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| Below one's absolute threshold for conscious awareness |
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| The activation, often unconsciously, of certain associations, this predisposing one's perception, memory, or response |
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| The minimum difference between two stimuli required for detection 50 percent of the time |
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| The principle that to be perceived as different, two stimuli must differ by a constant percentage |
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| Diminished sensitivity as a consequence of constant stimulation |
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| Convention of one for, of energy into another |
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| The distance from the peak of one light or sound wave to the peak of the next |
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| The dimension of color that is determined by the wavelength of light; what we know as the color names blue, green, and so forth |
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| The amount of energy in a light or sound wave, which we perceive as brightness or loudness, as determined by the wave's amplitude |
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| The adjustable opening in the center of the eye through which light enters |
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| A ring of muscle tissue that forms the colored portion of the eye around the pupil and controls the size of the pupil opening |
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| The transparent structure behind the pupil that changes shape to help focus images on the retina |
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| The light-sensitive inner surface of the eye, containing the receptor rods and cones plus layers of neurons that begin the processing of visual information |
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| The process by which the eye's lens changes shape to focus near or far objects on the retina |
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| Retinal receptors that detect black, white, and gray; necessary for peripheral mad twilight vision,when cones don't respond |
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| Retinal receptor cells that are concentrated near the center of the retina and that function in daylight or in well-lit conditions |
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| The nerve that carries neural impulses from the eye to the brain |
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| The point at which the optic nerve leaves the eye, creating a "blind" spot because no receptor cells are located there |
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| The central focal point in the retina, around which the eye' scones cluster |
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| Nerve cells in the rain that respond to specific features of the stimulus, such as shape, angle, or movement |
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| The processing of many aspects of a problem stimutaneously |
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