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CH 35 Intro to Flowering Plants
Plant Lifespan, Growth, Development, Shoot System, Root System
22
Biology
Undergraduate 1
02/05/2010

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Cards

Term
Draw out the Plant Heirarchy
Definition

1  Non vascular (bryophytes/moss)

2  Vascular

     a  seedless (ferns)

     b  seed-bearing

         i  gymnosperms (pines)

         ii  angiosperms (flowering plants)

            --monocots (corn)

            --eudicots (beans)

 

Term
Name the 3 Organ Systems of Plants:
Definition
1 Roots
2 Stems
3 Leaves
Term
Name the 3 Types of Tissues and their functions.  For the protective tissue, list the function in each of the 3 main organ systems.
Definition

1 Epidermal (waxy cuticle, root hairs, contain guard cells surrounding stomata)

 

2 Ground (bulk of plant)

 

3 Vascular (transport)

Term
4 Main differences between eudicots and monocots
Definition
                Eudicots                   Monocots

petals  in multiples of 4 or 5     multiples of 3

vascular  arranged in a ring         scattered
tissue

cotyledons         2                           1

leaves     branched veins           parallel veins
Term
In the alternation of generations, diploid ________ produce ______ spores via ________.  These spores grow into ________ that produce gametes.  Fusion of gametes produces and zygote, which develops into a ________.  This undergoes _______ to form the embryo, a very young __________.
Definition
In the alternation of generations, diploid sporophytes produce haploid spores via MEIOSIS.  These spores grow into GAMETOPHYTES that produce gametes.  Fusion of gametes produces a zygote, which develops into a(n) .  This undergoes _______ to form the embryo, a very young __________.
Term
List the 3 types of ground tissue and their functions
Definition

 

  1. chollenchyma--living, supports immature regions
  2. parenchyma--living, least specialized, stores food sometimes
  3. sclerenchyma--dead, mature regions, fibers (rope), sclereids (hard pits, pear grit)

 

Term
Water is absorbed by root system and transported to leaves via _____ because of a pressure difference created by ________ at the leaves through their _______.  When evaporation at the leaves decreases at night, water enters the plant through ____ ________.  Water enters the roots through _______ because of ____ entering the root.  ____ ________ can be so strong that it causes _________, H2O beading on the leaves.
Definition

 

Water is absorbed by root system and transported to leaves via XYLUM because of a pressure difference created by TRANSPIRATION at the leaves through their STOMATA.  When evaporation at the leaves decreases at night, water enters the plant through ROOT PRESSURE.  Water enters the roots through OSMOSIS because of IONS entering the root.  ROOT PRESSURE can be so strong that it causes GUTTATION, H2O beading on the leaves.

Term
aerenchyma
Definition
specialized tissues to transport oxygen to roots
Term
Flooding: too much water makes roots unable to obtain ______ to fuel respiration, which produces ___ nec. to absorb minerals from soil. ___________ type tissue is used to form snorkel-like airways for the roots.
Definition
oxygen ATP aerenchyma
Term
apical meristems
Definition
where new tissues are formed at the root and shoot tips
Term
2 main types of roots and which category of angiosperms they occur in:
Definition
1 eudicots tap roots with one main root and many branch roots 2 monocots use fibrous root systems with many roots growing from the stem base (an example of adventitious roots)
Term
Adventitious Roots
Definition
form on stem in both monocots and eudicots
Term
Lateral Roots
Definition
branches produced by roots
Term
The root apical meristem is in the _____ __ __________.
Definition
zone cell division
Term
From "top" to bottom, list the zones of the root
Definition
zone of maturation
zone of elongation
zone of cell division
root cap
Term
Pneumatophores
Definition
"air roots" used by mangroves
Term
____ _________ protect the shoot apical meristem, which is located in the ________ ___.
Definition
leaf primordia
terminal bud
Term
nodes
Definition
on the stem where the leaves attach
Term
________ ______, when the diameter increases occurs at the _______ ________, which consists of ________ _______ and ____ _______.
Definition
secondary growth
lateral meristem
vascular cambium
cork cambium
Term
xylem
Definition
vascular tissue responsible for transporting water
Term
phloem
Definition
vascular tissue that transports nutrients
Term
list 2 untraditional, modified leaves
Definition
1 bracts on a poinsettia
2 cactus spines
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