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Ch.3 Quiz
Mrs. Feinman - 11/13
31
Science
10th Grade
11/13/2011

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Term
_____ are the building blocks of polymers
Definition
monomers
Term
monomers are linked together to form polymers by a ______ reaction, which is when _____ is removed
Definition
dehydration, water
Term
A polymer breaks up to form monomers through a _______ reaction, or the ______ of water
Definition
hydrolysis, addition
Term
______ are proteins that speed up chemical reactions in cells
Definition
enzymes
Term
Proteins are made from just ___ amino acids, and DNA is made from only ____ types of nucleotides
Definition
20, 4
Term
______ are the main fuels for cellular work and used as raw materials to manufacture other organic molecules. They usually forms as rings
Definition
Monosacchrides
Term
In a _____ reaction, two monosacchrides can come together to form a _______
Definition
dehydration, disaccharide
Term
The disccharide molecule is formed from two ______ monomers, while the disacchride sucrose is formed from combing a _______ monomer and a _______ monomer
Definition
glucose, glucose, fructose
Term
The four main categories of macromolecules are....
Definition
lipids, carbohydrates, nuclaeic acids, and proteins
Term
A major characteristic all lipds have in common is that they are made up of ____ and _____
Definition
fatty acids and glycerol
Term
lipids are water ______, important in long term energy _____, and consist mainly of ____ and ____ atoms linked by chemical bonds
Definition
fearing, storage, hydrogen and carbon
Term
Fats with the maximum number of hydrogen produces ______ fats, while those missing a hydrogen form -_____- fats.
Definition
saturated, unsaturated
Term
_______ are lipids in which the carbon skeleton contains four fused rings
Definition
Steroids
Term
Amino acids have an ___ group and a ___ group
Definition
amino, carboxyl
Term
An amino acid can be catagorized as ______, water loving, or ______, water fearing
Definition
hydrophyllic, hydrophobic
Term
A protein can also be referred to as a ________
Definition
polypeptide
Term
Structural proteins provide ______ between _________
Definition
associations between body parts
Term
Defensive proteins include _____ of the ______ system
Definition
antibodies of the immune system
Term
Signal proteins are best exemplified by _____ and other chemical messengers
Definition
hormones
Term
Receptor proteins submit ____ into ____
Definition
signals into cells
Term
Transport proteins carry ______
Definition
oxygen
Term
Storage proteins serve as a source of ___ acids for ______.
Definition
amino acids for embryos
Term
Estrogen, cholesterol, and steroids are examples of ______
Definition
lipids
Term
___ and ____ are the building blocks of nuclaeic acids
Definition
DNA and RNA
Term
carbohydrates normally end in ____
(rollercoaster r-)
Definition
-ide
Term
Secondary structure is the ___ or ____ of a polypeptide.
Definition
coiling or bending
Term
The overall three dimensional shape of a polypeptide is it's ______ structure
Definition
tertiary structure
Term
Two or more polypeptide chains associating provides the _____ structure
Definition
quaternary structure
Term
DNA's nitrogenous bases are...
A-
T-
C-
and G-
Definition
Adenine,
Thymine,
cythosine,
and Guanine
Term
hydrogen bonds individually are weak, but in ______ they are strong.
Definition
double bonds
Term
nucleaic acids and proteins both _____
Definition
are made up of the same four building blocks
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