Term
| Specialized cells develop from a single___? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many types of human cells? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which comes first: determination or differentiation? |
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Definition
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Term
| Put these in order from smallest to biggest:cell, organ system, organism, tissue. |
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Definition
| Cell, tissue, organ system. organism |
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Term
| What happens during determination? |
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Definition
| Stem cells become committed to develop into only one type of cell. |
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Term
| Embryonic stem cells have the potential to become what? |
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Definition
| Any type of specialized cell in the body |
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Term
| Can determination be reversed? |
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Definition
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Term
| What happens during differentiation? |
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Definition
| A cell acquires the structures and functions of the specialized cell that it will become. |
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Term
| True or false. Differentiation occurs because specific genes in each cell are turned on or off. |
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Definition
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Term
| Which has more nuclei: skeletal muscles or smooth muscle? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the name for programmed cell death? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is epithelial tissue? |
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Definition
| A protective sheet of cells |
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Term
| What is connective tissue? |
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Definition
| Tissue that supports the body |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Tissue that transmits electrical signals |
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Term
| Different types of tissue functioning together to form a(n)? |
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Definition
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Term
| Two or more organs working together in a coordinated way form a(n)? |
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Definition
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Term
| The temperature in your body should stay around where? |
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Definition
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Term
| True or false. Trace minerals within your body must stay within a strict limit |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The regulation and maintenance of the internal environment within the ranges that support human life. |
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Term
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Definition
| They gather information about conditions inside and outside the body |
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Term
| What does the control center do? |
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Definition
| Receives information from sensors and responds to this information by sending messages |
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Term
| What do communication systems do? |
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Definition
| They carry messages to all parts of the body |
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Term
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Definition
| They change their activity in response to a message |
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Term
| Information sent from sensors is called? |
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Definition
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Term
| True or false. Most of the functions in the body are regulated through a negative feedback loop. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is negative feedback? |
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Definition
| A control system that counteracts change in the body that moves conditions above or below a set point. |
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Term
| What is positive feedback? |
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Definition
| A control system that uses information to increase the rate of change away from set points. |
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Term
| Place these steps of vitamin D production in order: A. An inactive form of vitamin D travels to the liver. B.The kidneys convert a compound into active vitamin D C. Ultra-violet waves change a substance in skin into an inactive form of vitamin D D.The liver changes the inactive form of vitamin D into another compound. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Helps regulate the amount of calcium and phosphorus |
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Term
| The process of maintaining a stable body temperature under a variety of conditions is known as? |
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Definition
| Homeostasis (or thermoregulation) :) |
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Term
| What does the hypothalamus do? |
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Definition
| Controls the body's internal temperature (also stimulates the pituitary gland and stimulates hormones that control reproduction and growth) |
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Term
| What are the reasons that homeostasis can be disrupted? |
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Definition
-Sensors fail to detect changes
-Wrong messages sent/correct messages not received
-Serious injury
-Viral or bacterial infection |
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Term
| Is having a flu an example of a short-term effect on homeostasis or a long term effect? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is diabetes an example of a long-term or short-term effect on the disruption of homeostasis? |
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Definition
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Term
| Glucose is controlled by what two hormones? What do these two hormones do? |
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Definition
| Insulin and glucagon. Insulin causes cells to take in more glucose and causes the liver to store glucose a glycogen. Glucagon breaks down glycogen into glucose. |
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Term
| What is the difference between Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes? |
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Definition
| Type 1 is hereditary and happens when the immune system destroys the beta cells' ability to make insulin. Type 2 is when insulin production decreases or when insulin cannot move glucose into cells. |
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Term
| What are the long-term effects for Type 1 diabetes? |
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Definition
| Heart disease, blindness, nerve damage, kidney damage, coma, death |
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Term
| What are the risk factors Type 2 diabetes? |
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Definition
| Chronic obesity, family history of diabetes,aging |
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