Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| what should you remind a pt about bathing |
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Definition
| use moisturizing soaps, antimicrobial and scented soaps can make dry skn worst |
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Term
| what can lubricating creams and lotions do for the skin |
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Definition
| seal in moisture and prevent flaking |
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Term
| what do some skin lotions that are hydrophlic do |
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Definition
| water seeking so they draw moisture in |
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Term
| what is puritis caused from |
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Definition
| stimulation of certain itch specific nerves at the dermal- epidermal junction |
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Term
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Definition
| when a pt trys to relive itching by scratching which causes this patern |
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Term
| what are some systemic diseases that can cause itching |
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Definition
liver disease
venous disorders |
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Term
| how does liver disease cause itching |
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Definition
| buildup of bilirubin which stimulates the itch receptors |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| what are the 3 pahses of wound healing |
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Definition
inflammatory
proliferation, maturation |
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Term
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Definition
| wound without tissue loss that is closed by sutures the edges are lined up in corect position |
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Term
| how does approximated wound healing heal |
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Definition
| by first intention because closing the wound eliminates the dead space and shortens the 3 phases |
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Term
| deeper tissue injuries with tissue loss are healed by second intention why |
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Definition
| because it results in a cavity like defect requiring gradual filling in of the dead spce and prolongs the repair process |
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Term
| expalin wounds that may be intentionally left open to repair themselves/ and what is this known as |
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Definition
| after debris and exudate have been removed and inflammatory has subsides it is closed by first intention.know as third intention |
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Term
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Definition
| when wound healing is left open, debrided then stiched up- results in scars |
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Term
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Definition
| superficial involving damage to the epidermis and upper layers of the dermis |
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Term
| how do partial thickness wound heal |
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Definition
| re-epithelialization - the produciton of new skin cells by undamaged cells in the basal layer of the dermis |
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Term
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Definition
| regorwth across an open area that is only one cell layer thick at first then thickens |
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Term
| in a health pt how long can resurface healing take |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| wounds extend into the lower layers of the dermis and underneath to the sub q |
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Term
| how does a full thickness wound heal |
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Definition
| granulation- new blood vessles have to form at the base of the wound and fibroblastic cells move in to fill in the space |
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Term
| what do fibroblastic cells do to the full thickness wound |
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Definition
| pulls the wound edges together to decrease the wound size |
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Term
| tissue compression from pressure restrict blood flow and causes |
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Definition
| reduce tissue perfusion and o2 and cell death |
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Term
| what are the 2 steps of a pressure ulcer program |
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Definition
| early identification and implementing interventions |
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Term
| pressure mapping/ what is it and what does red and blue mean |
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Definition
| measures pressure rom a person sitting or lying the map is colored on the computer screen to show temp differnces- red meansgreater heat production and increased pressure and blue means lower pressure |
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Term
| what are three things to remember when positioning to prevent ulcers |
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Definition
DO NOT keep the hob elevate 30 degrees to prevent shearing
if on side do not position on trochanter
do not place rubber donut under sacral area |
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Term
| how many fluids should be consumed daily with a patient with pressure ulcers |
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Definition
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Term
| what is one thing to remember for skin care and preventing pressure ulcers |
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Definition
| use moistureizers on dry skin daily and apply when the skin is damp |
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Term
| can you massage bony prominances |
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Definition
| no--pressure ulcer alert!! |
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Term
| 2 things to remember about skin cleaning and pressure ulcers |
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Definition
| mild heavy soap for incontenance and do NOT USE TALCS DIRECTLY ON PERINEUM |
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Term
| what are 4 things to id high risk pressure ulcer pts |
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Definition
mental status
mobility
nutrition
incontinence |
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Term
| how does the pt with a neg nitrogen balance heal |
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Definition
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Term
| serum albumin and prealbumin are used to monitor nutritional status for pressure ulcers what is the best indicator and why |
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Definition
| prealbumin because it is more sensitive because it has a shorte life |
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Term
| when is nutrition considered inadequate |
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Definition
| albumin isless then 3.5 and prealbumin is less then 19.5 |
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Term
| what are some factors that can affect serum prtein levles |
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Definition
hydration
metaobilc stress
infection |
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Term
| what does a positive nitrogen balance require an intake of |
|
Definition
| 30 to 35 calories per kilogram of body weight daily |
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Term
| capillary closing pressure |
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Definition
| amount of pressure needed to occlude skin capillary blood flow |
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Term
| dynamic systems vs static devices |
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Definition
dynamic- alternate inflation and deflation of a device thru electricity
static- devices made of gel water foam or air in a constant state of inflation to prevent pt pressure overload |
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Term
| who is poitioning delagated to most often |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the 30 degree rule for positioning |
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Definition
| this plan states that a pt is positioned and propped so that whatever art of the body is elevated is tilted back to a 30 degree angle to the mattress rather then resting directly on prominent bony area |
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Term
| an area that blanches with pressure then returns to noraml whenpressure is removed indicates |
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Definition
| color changes related to vessle dialation rater then tissue damage |
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Term
| expalin the 5 stages of pressure ulcers |
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Definition
1-skin is intact
2-skin is not intact, partial skin thickness loss
3- skin loss is full thickness
4-skin loss is full thickness with muscle tendons or bone showing
5- unstagebale |
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Term
| how can you measure the length of a wound and the depth |
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Definition
| disposable paper tape/ the cotton tipped applicator |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the skin cells beyond area of injury |
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Term
| in early stages of wound healing how is the eschar |
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Definition
| dry and leathery but firmly attached |
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Term
| what is the problems with eschar |
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Definition
| its nonliving and a good breeding area for bacteria |
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Term
| besides bacteria in eschar what else is a problem |
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Definition
| they release an enzyme that soften necrotic tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| seperation of the skin layers at the wound margins |
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Term
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Definition
| blood tinged amber colored |
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Term
| creamy yellowish pus what can it mean |
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Definition
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|
Term
| creamy blue pus that stains dresing and has a fruity odor what can this mean |
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Definition
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|
Term
| beige pus with fishy odor can mean |
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Definition
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Term
| brownish pus with fecal odor can mean |
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Definition
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Term
| can the prescence of pruulent exudate alone prove local or systmeic infection |
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Definition
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Term
| who is able to remove lose bits of tissue form wounda |
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Definition
certified wound specialist
pt
advance practice nurse |
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Term
| what is a wound usually cleaned with |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| entrapment and detachment of dead tissue |
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Term
| topical chemical debridement |
|
Definition
| enzyme preps applied to loosen necrotis tissue |
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Term
| natural chemical debridement |
|
Definition
| using naturall occuing enzymes that self digest dead tissues |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| necrotic tissue is debrided mechanically with less trauma to healing tissue |
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Term
| continuous wet gauze debridment |
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Definition
| wound surface is bathed with a wetting agent |
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Term
| how can dialy whirpool baths help with wounds |
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Definition
| loosens debris and washes away exudate and particles |
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Term
| electrical stimulation for wounds |
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Definition
| low voltage to increase blood vessle growth this is applied directly to a wound thru a sterile dressing |
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Term
| vaccuum assisted wound closure |
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Definition
| enhances the formation of granulaiton tissues |
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Term
| when shouldnt you use vaccum devices with wounds |
|
Definition
| when the pt is on an anticouagualnt |
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Term
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Definition
| treatment with o2 under high pressure |
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Term
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Definition
| active to stimulate wound healing |
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Term
| what is the risk for the longer a wound remains open |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| fluu thickness flap of skin that is raised and rotated to cover the defect |
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Term
| after surgery with a pedicle flap what is done postop |
|
Definition
| immolization with pressure dressings for 3 to 5 days any movement that may cause it to seperate is prhibited |
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Term
| a pale flap with delayed capilarry refill time may mean |
|
Definition
| inadequate arterial perfussion |
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Term
| what does a dusky appearnace of a pedicle flap mean |
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Definition
| inadequate venous or lymph drainage |
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Term
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Definition
| superficial infection with only the upper portion of the follicle usually caused by staph |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| generalized infection from strep or staph |
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Term
| what happens if mrsa infects a wound or gains acces to the blood |
|
Definition
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Term
| whAT DOES FOLLICULTIS LOOK LIKE |
|
Definition
| ISOLATED RED PUSTULES SINGLE OR IN GROUPS |
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|
Term
| WHAT DOES A FURNUCLE LOOK LIKE |
|
Definition
| SMALL TENDER RED NODULES THAT BECOME PUS FILLED |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| CAUSE IS THE CLASSIC COLD SORE INCREASE WITH AGE AND IS WORSE WHEN PT IS IMUNOSUPPRESSIVE |
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Term
| HOW IS THE HERPES VIRUS SPREAD |
|
Definition
| DIRECT CONTACT AUTOINOCULATION |
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Term
|
Definition
| TRANSFER OF VIRAL TYPE FROM ONE PART OF BODY TO ANOTHER |
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Term
| HOW LONG DO OUTBREAKS OF ORAL HEPERS LAST |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| FORM OF HERPES OCCURS ON THE FINGERS OF MEDICAL PERSONAL THAT HAVE COME INTO CONTACT WITH VIRAL SECREATIONS |
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Term
|
Definition
| shingles from reactivation of dormant chickenpox usually in a segmented pattern |
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Term
|
Definition
| from shingles is sever pain that persists after the lesions are gone |
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|
Term
| when does herpes zoster occur |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| who is herpes zoster contagious to |
|
Definition
| anyone who has not had chickenpox and is usally most transferable when the lesions are pus filled |
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|
Term
| what is a vaccine for herpes zoster |
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| also knon as fungal infections |
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Term
|
Definition
| yeast infections where it is warm and moist enviroment |
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Term
|
Definition
| vaccine for adults older then 50 who do not currently have shingles it is given one time im or iv |
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Term
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Definition
| viral culture wher ethe base of the lesion is examined under microscope |
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Term
| when a pt is admitted with staph and is resistant to antibiotics what is done |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| what are the most comon antibiotics used for systemic infections |
|
Definition
| penicillians and cephlaspoins |
|
|
Term
| what is used for fungal growth |
|
Definition
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