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| constitutional arrangement in which power is concentrated in a central government |
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| state constitutional authorization for local governments to conduct their own affairs |
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| city "constitution" that outlines the structure of city government, defines the authority of the various officials, and provides for their selection |
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| the oldest and most common form of city government, consisting of either a weak mayor and a city council or a strong mayor elected by voters and council |
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| form of local government in which the members of the city council select the mayor, who then shares the power with other elected or appointed boards and commissions |
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| Strong Mayor-Council form |
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| form of local government in which the voters directly elect the city council and the mayor, who enjoys almost total administrative authority and appoints the department heads |
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| form of local government in which the city council hires a professional administrator to manage city affairs; also known as the city-manager plan |
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