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| a meeting of the members of a party in a legislative chamber to select party leaders and develop party policy |
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| engaging in activities aimed at influencing public officials, especially legislators, and the policies they enact |
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| a person who is employed by and acts for an organized interest group or corporation to influence policy decisions and postitions in the executive and legislative branches |
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| an official who is expected to vote independently, based on his or her judgment of the circumstances; one interpretation of the role of a legislator |
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| an official who is expected to represent the views of his or her constituents even when personally holding divergent views; one interpretation of the role of a legislator |
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| a requirement imposed by the federal govenment as a condition for the receipt of federal funds |
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| the redrawing of congressional and other legislative district lines following the census, to accommodate population shifts and keep districts as equal as possible in population |
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| the drawing of legislative district boundaries to benefit a party, group or incumbent |
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| having legislative districts with unequal populations |
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| Majority-Minority District |
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| a legislative district created to include a majority of minority voters; ruled constitutional so long as race is not the main factor in redistricting |
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| procedure whereby a certain number of voters may, by petition, propose a law or constitutional amendment and have it submitted to the voters |
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| procedure for submitting to popular vote measures passed by the legislature or proposed amendments to a state constitution |
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| procedure for submitting to popular vote the removal of public officials from office before the end of their term |
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