Term
|
Definition
| the scientific study of the feelings, thoughts, and behaviors of individuals in social situations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
internal factors that guide a person's behavior. Include:
- beliefs
- values
- personality traits
- or abilities |
|
|
Term
| Fundamental Attribution Error (FAE) |
|
Definition
| the failure to recognize the importance of situational influences on B; and the corresponding tendency to overemphasize the importance of dispositions or traits on B |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
certain situational circumstances that appear unimportant on the surface but can have great consequences for B
(can facilitate, block, or guide B in a particular direction)
- ex. Yale study to get tetanus inoculations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| people's interpretation and inference about the stimuli or situations they confront |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
this approach stresses that people perceive objects through active unconscious interpretation of what the object represents as a whole
- from German word for "form" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A situation involving payoffs to two ppl who must decide whether to "cooperate" or "defect". In the end, trust and cooperation leads to higher joint payoffs than mistrust and defection |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a knowledge structure consisting of any organized body of stored info |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| schemas that we have for people of various kinds |
|
|
Term
| Automatic/unconscious processing |
|
Definition
| processing based on emotional factors, often fearful reactions that occur before conscious thought takes over |
|
|
Term
| Controlled/conscious processing |
|
Definition
| Processing of info that occurs when one systematically and consciously examines the situation |
|
|
Term
| Types of automatic/unconscious processing |
|
Definition
1) skill acquisition ex. driving a car
2) beliefs and behaviors are generated without our awareness of the cognitive processes behind them
ex. judgments of ppl and judging causes of events
Functions of automatic processing: efficiency, survival |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an evolutionary process that molds organisms so that traits that enhance the probability of survival and reproduction are passed on to subsequent generations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| basic behavioral propensities that help us adapt to the physical and social environment (see table 1.1 for examples) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the understanding that other people have beliefs and desires |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the evolutionary principle that costs and benefits are associated with reproduction and nurturing of offspring. F high M low |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the claim that they way things are is the way they should be |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the study of the brain in relation to social behavior |
|
|
Term
| Independent (individualistic) cultures |
|
Definition
| cultures in which people tend to think of themselves as distinct social entities, tied to each other by voluntary bonds of affection and organizational memberships but essentially separate from other people and having attributes that exist in absence of any connection to others |
|
|
Term
| Interdependent (collectivistic) cultures |
|
Definition
| cultures in which people tend to define themselves as part of a collective, inextricably tied to others in their group and placing less importance on individual freedom or personal control over their lives |
|
|
