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| Government by the people, both directly or indirectly, with free and frequent elections |
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| Government in which citizens vote on laws and select officials directly |
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| Government in which the people elect those who govern and pass laws; also called a republic |
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| A govt. that enforces recognized limits on those who govern and allows the voice of the people to be heard through free, fair, and relatively frequent elections |
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| The set of arrangements, including chekcs and balances, federalsim, separation of powers, rule of law, due process, and a bill of rights, that requires our leaders to listen, think, bargain, and explain before they act or make laws. We hen hold them politically and legally accountable for how they exercise their powers |
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| The idea that the rights of the nation are supreme over the rights of the individuals who make up the nation |
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The idea that a just government must derive its powers from the consent of the people it governs |
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| Governance according to the expressed preferences of the majority |
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| The candidate or party that wins more than half the votes in an election |
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| Candidate or party with the most votes cast in an election, not necessarily more than half |
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| Govt. by religious leaders, who claim divine guidance |
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| Articles of Confederation |
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| The first governing document of the confederated states, dratfed in 1777, ratified in 1781, and replaced by the present Constitution in 1789 |
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| A convention held in September 1786 to consider problems of trade and navigation, attended by five states and important b/c it issued the call to Congress and the states for what became the Constitutional Convention |
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| Constitutional Convention |
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| The convention in Philadelphia, May 25 to September 17, 1787, that debated and agreed upon the Constitution of the Untied States |
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| Rebellion led by Daniel Shays of farmers in western MA in 1786-1787, protesting mortgage foreclosures. It highlighted the need for a strong national govt. just as the calls for the Constitutional Convention went out. |
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| The principle of a 2-house legislature |
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| Initial proposal at the Constitutional Convention made by the Virginia delegation for a strong central govt. with a bicameral legislature dominated by the big states |
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| Proposal at the Constitutional Convention made by William Paterson of NJ for a central govt. w/a single house legislature in which each state would be represented equally |
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| Compromise agreement by states at the Constitutional Convention for a bicameral legislautre w/a lower house in which the representation would be based on population and an upper house in which each state would have two senators |
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| Compromise between the northern and southern states at the CC that 3/5 of the slave pop. would be counted for determining direct taxation and representation in the House of Rep. |
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| Supporters of ratification of the Constitution and of a strong central govt. |
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| Opponenets of ratification of the Constitution and of a strong central govt. |
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| Essays promoting ratification of the Constitution, published anonymously by Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madision in 1787 and 1788 |
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