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| An interaction between species in which one specie, the predator, eats the other, the prey |
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| More than one organism tries to use a resource at the same time in the same place |
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| Relationship in which two species live closely together |
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| One organism benefits at the expense of the other, which is harmed in the process |
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| One species benefits while the other is neither helped nor harmed |
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| All the organisms in a given area , along with the nonliving (abiotic) factors with which they interact; a biological community and its physical environment |
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| a living component (organism) of a biological community |
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| a nonliving component of an ecosystem, such as air, water, or temperature |
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| A populations role in its community; the sum total population's use of the biotic and abiotic resources of its habitat |
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| A major type of ecosystem that covers a large geographic region |
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| A mathematical description of idealized, unregulated population growth |
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| Consumer/-organisms eaten by a predator |
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| scientific study of how organsims interact with their environment |
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| Density - Dependent factor |
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| A population - limiting factor whose effects intenify as the poulation increases in size- increased death rate |
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| Density -independent factor |
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| A population limiting factor whose occurence and effects are not affected by population density.-- freeze in the fall |
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Savanna
Desert
Tundra
Temperate grassland
Tropical Forest
Chaparral
Tempertae deciduous forest
coniferous forest
Polar ice |
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| Two types of water biomes |
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estuaries
Coral reefs
open ocean
seas |
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Lakes
Ponds
Rivers
Streams |
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| Four characteristics of a population |
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growth rate
density
geographic location
age |
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| Three factors that affect population size |
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growth rate
death rate
birth rate |
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| Conditions that are necessary for a population to have EXPONENTIAL GROWTH |
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| no limits and unlimited resources |
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| Conditions that will cause a population to have a logistic growth |
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| limits on growth and limited resources |
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| Why does the number of individuals in an exponentially growing population increase more rapidly over time ? |
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| Trophic pyramids are used by scientists to model the flow of energy and organic matter through ecosystems. In most ecosystems, the amount of energy and matter found in each successive trophic level decreases in quantity. This observation is related to assimilation efficiencies and the fact that many organisms have defense mechanisms to reduce the chance of being consumed. |
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| The phosphorus cycle occurs when phosphorus moves from land to sediments in the seas and then back to land again. The main storage for phosphorus is in the earths crust. On land phosphorus is usually found in the form of phosphates. By the process of weathering and erosion phosphates enter rivers and streams that transport them to the ocean. Once in the ocean the phosphorus accumulates on continental shelves in the form of insoluble deposits. After millions of years, the crustal plates rise from the sea floor and expose the phosphates on land. After more time, weathering will release them from rock and the cycle's geochemical phase begins again. |
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| n most ecosystems nitrogen is primarily stored in living and dead organic matter. This organic nitrogen is converted into inorganic forms when it re-enters the biogeochemical cycle via decomposition. Decomposers, found in the upper soil layer, chemically modify the nitrogen found in organic matter from ammonia (NH3 ) to ammonium salts (NH4+ ). This process is known as mineralization and it is carried out by a variety of bacteria, actinomycetes, and fungi. |
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