Term
| General Properties of Acids |
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Definition
1. sour to taste
2. prickly on skin
3. dissolves metals
4. Turns Litmus paper red |
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Term
| General Properties of Bases |
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Definition
1. Bitter taste
2. Feels slippery
3. turns Litmus paper blue |
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Term
| Arrhenius Acid and Base Definition: |
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Definition
Acid produces H+ when dissolved in water
Base produces OH- when dissolved in water |
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Term
| Bronsted Lowry Definition Acid & Base |
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Definition
Acid: proton donor
Base: proton acceptor |
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Term
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Definition
1. are not not 100% ionized
2. Ka<1
hint: if given Ka on test or asked to find Ka=weak acid
3. weak acids have a greater attraction btwn the anion of acid and the H+.
(larger the value of Ka the stronger the acid!!!) |
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Term
| For the same concentration the weaker the acid the |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
1. completley ionized/almost ionized
2. Larger the value of Ka= stronger the acid!!!!
3. Greater the [H+] the lower the pH!!!!
(2&3 need to memorize b/c test questions) |
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Term
| Kw (ion-product constant for water) |
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Definition
Kw= [H3O+][OH-]=1x10^-14
*as H30+ increases; OH- decreases |
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Term
Acidic Solution [H3O+] >[OH-]
pH <7 |
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Definition
| as pH goes up: acid or [H3O+] value goes down |
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Term
Basic Solution [OH-]>[H3O+]
pH>7 |
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Definition
| as pH increase: base or OH- value increases |
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Term
| Kw (ion-product constant for water) 1x10^-14 @ 25C & 3.8x10^-14 @40C= endo or exo? |
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Definition
| endothermic because it is a forward reaction; and both the temperature and Kw values increased |
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Term
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Definition
pH=-log[HO3+]
pOH=-log[OH-]
0r
[H30+]=10^-pH |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| &pHrelationship between pOH |
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Definition
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Term
Strong Acids: Assume 100% ionization
Calculate pH of .00458M HCl |
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Definition
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Term
What is the pH of a soln in which 22.4 mL
of HCl(g) at 27.2oC and 1.02 atm is
dissolved in 1.5 L of aqueous solution? |
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Definition
1.plug into PV=nRT
2. need to find moles
3. use moles found/1.5L of (aq)solution= M HCl
4. M HCl= [H+]
5. take -log(H+)=pH |
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Term
Calc the pH, % ionization, concs, etc. of a
0.20M and a 0.00020M benzoic acid sol’n. |
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Definition
1. write benzoic acid= in formula C6H5COOH
2. put into formula HA->H++A-
3. ka= [H+][A-]/[HA]
4.Ka=x^2/[.2] *drop -x
5. multiply Ka value by .2 and take square root of that value =3.6x10^-3
6. take answer/.2 and mult. by 100-%ioniz
7. -log(3.6x10-3)=2.44 pH=2.44
* same process for=.00020M benzoic acid |
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Term
A 0.10 M solution of a monoprotic acid has
a pH of 2.44. Calculate Ka |
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Definition
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Term
What is the original molarity of a sol’n of
acetic acid whose pH is 2.90 at equil? |
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Definition
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Term
A 0.025 M soln of a monoprotic acid is
25.0% ionized. What’s K
a? |
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Definition
1. HA->H++A-
2.amount ionized=0.025x(2.5/100)=6.25x10^-3
3. (6.25x10^-3)^2/0.025-0.00625=2.08x10^-3
Ka=2.08x10^-3 |
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Term
•What is the pH of a solution that is 0.050M in
HNO and 0.008M in HBr? |
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Definition
1.both are strong acids
2.add the M of both the solutions together=.058
3. take-log(.058)=1.24
4.pH=1.24 |
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Term
• What is the pH of a solution that is .115HBr & .125M HC
? (cramster 75) |
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Definition
1. HBr SA &HCHO2 Wa
2.Pick the weaker acid bc it does not completley ionize.
3.use ICE table
4.ka=(H3O+)(CHO2-)/HCHO2
5. plug in: 1.8x10^-4=(.115+x)(x)/.125-x
6.x=1.95x10^-4=H3O+
7. H3O+ is so small that when added still equals .115: .115+(H30+)=.115 (therefore drop value and just use .115 to find pH.
8. -log(.115)=.939 |
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Term
| What is the pH of a soln that is .185M HCHO2 & .225M HC2H3O2 |
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Definition
1. both WA
2.write dissociation for both HCHO2&HC2H3O2
*USE ICE TABLES
3. Ka value will be given on test=1.8x10^-4
4. find H3O+ for both solutions
5. HCHO2:H3O+=5.8x10^-3M
6. HC2H3O2: H3O+= 2x10^-3M
7. and both H3O+ values together=7.8x10^-3
8. -log(7.8x10^-3)=2.1
9. pH=2.1 |
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Term
The pH of a 0.10 M acid is 1.00.
therefore the acid is a |
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Definition
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