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Ch.14
Cardiovascular Physiology
12
Physiology
Undergraduate 2
11/13/2012

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Term
End diastolic volume (EDV)
Definition
volume of blood in the ventricles at the end of diastole
Term
End systolic volume (ESV)
Definition
volume of blood in the ventricles after systole-after ejection is complete
Term
Stroke volume (SV)
Definition
amount of blood pumped out of each ventricle w/each contraction; SV=EDV-ESV
Term
Cardiac output (CO)
Definition
volume of blood pumped by each ventricle/min.; CO=HR X SV
Term
Cardiac reserve
Definition
difference btw. max. CO and resting CO; depends on HR and SV (increase together)
Term
chromotropic effect
Definition
mechanism that affect the cardiac rate; increase HR (+) chrom. effect; decrease HR (-) chrom. effect
Term
Autorhythmicity
Definition
rate set by SA node's rate of depolarization
Term
Changing Stroke Volume-EDV
Definition
increasing venous return will increase EDV
Term
Changing Stroke Volume-contractility
Definition
strength of contraction; Frank-Starling Law of the Heart (length/tension relationship of cardiac muscle)
Term
Changing Stroke Volume-total peripheral resistance
Definition
increase BP->heart has to work harder; decrease SV
increasing the force of contraction will decrease ESV
increase venus return: increase EDV->increase SV
increase force of contraction: decrease ESV->increase SV
Term
venus return
Definition
depends on total blood volume and venous pressure

increase VR->increase EDV->increase force of cont.->increase SV->decrease ESV-> increase CO
Term
venus return aided by
Definition
1 way valves; respiratory pump; skeletal pump; vasoconstriction
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