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| Provide 2 English translations for the Akkadian word ziggurat. |
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| Translate into English the Latin cuneus: |
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| In the Epic of Gilgamesh, who is granted immortality by the gods? |
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| What is the name of the Babylonian king known for having created a centralized government and gathering the laws of various local states into a unified code? |
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| Egyptian pharaohs were associated with two deities- one during life, the other after death. Name them. |
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during life: Horus (sky god)
after death: Osiris (underworld ruler) |
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| Among the Pharaohs, who is connected to one of the three great pyramids at Gizeh and with the colossal Great Sphinx? |
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| What is the name of Akhenaton's wife, whose name means "the beautiful one has come"? |
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| Who led the British archaeological team that discovered the tomb of Tutankhamen in 1922? |
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| What monstrous creature roamed the labyrinth associated with the island of Crete? |
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| The domed ceiling of the Treasury of Atreus is a remarkable architectural feat- unequaled until more than 1300 years later with the construction of the Pantheon in Rome, in feet, what is the height of the Treasury's domed ceiling? |
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| The Tigris and Euphrates Rivers are closely associated with which early culture? |
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| An important Code of Laws that established the rule of law from the Persian Gulf to the Mediterranean Sea was developed by the Babylonian ruler known as: |
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| Which of these terms identifies the "divine salt" used in the mummification process? |
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| The Bible's Tower of Babel might actually have been: |
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| Which body organ did the Egyptians consider of little importance and, consequently, discarded it during the mummification process? |
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| Among the burial sites of the Egyptian pharaohs, the only treasure that has survived relatively intact is that of: |
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| In the Sumerian culture, Utnapishtim is remembered for having: |
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| told Gilgamesh the story of the flood. |
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| One major Persian achievement was: |
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| The ruler of Uruk who became the subject of an epic Sumerian literary work was: |
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| The Sumerian culture is credited with having invented the first written language, known as: |
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| Who is widely accepted as the author of the Iliad and the Odyssey? |
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| The primary focus of the Iliad involves the anger (and its consequences) of one of its most prominent characters. Who? |
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| Items from the Geometric style of art usually feature geometric motifs that include zigzags, triangles, diamonds, and a mazelike design. By what name is the mazelike design known? |
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| Two city-states became embroiled in a trade Rivalry that involved the export of painted ceramics. Eventually, the conflict culminated in the Peloponnesian War. Which two city-states were involved? |
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| In the discussion of the Death of Sarpedon vase, one of the characters is distinguished by the magical rod that he holds. Who? |
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| An Ionic capital consists of a distinctive scroll. By what name is this scroll known? |
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| Most lyric verse is concerned with the poet's own feelings, emotions, and opinions. Lyric verse was also composed to be accompanied by a specific musical instrument. Which one? |
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| What is the literal meaning of philosophy? |
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| One of the Presocratic philosophers-Empedocles of Acragas- is credited with having introduced the four elements. List the four elements |
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| Who is recognized as "the father of history"? |
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| What is the name of the Athenian leader who expropriated funds associated with the Delian League? |
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| What 2 materials are specifically mentioned as having been used in the construction of the 40 foot high statue of Athena that formerly stood in the Parthenon? |
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| Myron's Discobolos is widely recognized as one of the most famous examples of Greek art. What object does the athlete hold in his uplifted arm? |
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| What are the names of the 2 important revolutionary educational institutions-one founded by Plato, the other by Aristotle? |
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Definition
Plato: The Academy
Aristotle: The Lyceum |
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| Which Florentine writer (whom we'll read and study later in the semester) described Aristotle as "the master of those who know"? |
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| Which of Sophocles' dramatic pieces served as Aristotle's model in his Poetics and is still widely acclaimed for its "unities of time, place, and action"? |
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| In which of Aristophanes' plays do the Athenian women use a "secret weapon" to insist on a negotiated peace to end the war? |
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| In which Egyptian city did King Ptolemy establish the Temple of the Muses, whose library contained 700,000 works, later destroyed by fire when Julius Caesar besieged the city? |
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| In constructing the Tholos at Delphi, how many Doric and Corinthian columns were included? |
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| What is the name of the Trojan priest who was punished by the gods for his attempt to warn people against bringing into their city the wooden horse left by the Greeks? |
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| As Odysseus seeks to return to Ithaca, all but one of the gods of Olympus pities him. What is the name of this immortal who "stormed against" Odysseus? |
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| Criticizing mortals for "blaming the gods/ For their troubles," Zeus notes that, to the contrary, a single human characteristic is responsible for causing them "more than they were destined for!" In a single word, identify this human characteristic: |
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Definition
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| Which resident of Olympus has "owl-grey eyes"? |
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| Zeus explains why Poseidon is "stiff and cold with anger" against Odysseus. Summarize Zeus's explanation. |
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Definition
| Odysseus blinded Poseidon's son Polyphemus. |
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| Polyphemus's mother is Thoosa. Who is her father, known as the "lord of the barren brine"? |
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| Which god of Olympus is also known as the "quicksilver herald"? |
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| In a single word, identify the specific type of footwear that Athena wears as she travels from Olympus to Ithaca. |
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| When she first appears to Telemachus, Athena disguises herself as a Taphain captain. What is the name of the warrior whose appearance she duplicates? |
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| Athena advises Telemachus to set off in his best ship to inquire about Odysseus. How many oarsmen does she recommend accompany him? |
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| What is the name of the faithful servant in Odysseus's household, mentioned as the daughter of Ops and Peisenor's granddaughter? |
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| At the Assembly, the herald Peisenor places an object in Telemachus's hands, granting Odysseus's son the privilege of speaking to the gathering. In a single word, identify the object: |
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| After Telemachus' opening remarks, Antinous speaks on behalf of the suitors, denying any blame and placing responsibility elsewhere. Whom does Antinous indicate? |
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Definition
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| For whom was Penelope making the burial shroud? |
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Definition
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| For how many complete years did Penelope deceive the suitors with her "weaving"? |
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Definition
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| Irritated by Antinous's response, Telemachus reveals that he will pray that Zeus will grant him "requital". Quote the 2 lines that follow. |
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Definition
| Death for you Here in my house. With no compensation. |
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| What is the name of the "old hero" who interprets the sudden appearance of two eagles? |
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Definition
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| To which two locations does Telemachus intend to sail, in search of news of his father? |
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Definition
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| What is the name of the Ithacan whom Odysseus has put in charge of his house before departing for Troy? |
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Definition
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| Who informs Telemachus that he has "something of Odysseus's brains"? |
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Definition
| Athena (disguised as Mentor) |
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Term
| Odysseus's "treasure chamber" is watched "day and night" by whom? |
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Definition
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| Telemachus urges Eurycleia to delay telling Penelope that he has gone. For how many days? |
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Definition
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| From whom does Athena (in the guise of Telemachus) request a fast ship? |
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Definition
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| In reflecting about Ithaca, Odysseus mentions a forested peak. What is its name? |
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Definition
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| In fighting the Cicones, Odysseus lost several of his companions, an identical number from each of his ships. How many? |
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Definition
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| What weather phenomenon-also known as a "norther"-struck Odysseus and his crew? |
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| To prevent some of his companions from remaining among the Lotus-Eaters, Odysseus must bind them aboard the ship. In what specific location does he have them bound? |
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Definition
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| When Odysseus first sets out to investigate the land of the Cyclops, he takes with him a goatskin filled with an extremely potent red wine. To a single goblet of this wine, how many parts of water would customarily be added? |
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Definition
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| Odysseus surmises that "twenty sturdy wagons" would be unsuccessful in prying from the ground an object he observes near Polyphemus's cave. What is the object? |
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Definition
| Slab of rock (Great doorstone) |
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Term
| After the first time that Polyphemus eats 2 Ithacans, Odysseus considers killing the giant while he sleeps. But he decides otherwise. Explain the logic behind Odysseus's decision. |
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Definition
| If he kills Polyphemus no one will be able to escape the cave because the slab of rock is to big to move. |
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Term
| After they draw straws, how many men are selected to assist Odysseus with the olivewood stake? |
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Definition
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| To help his men escape the cave, Odysseus binds the sheep together. How many sheep are in each cluster? |
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Definition
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| What object does Odysseus offer as a sacrifice to Zeus-although it is rejected? |
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Definition
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| What material is used to construct the cord used to secure the bag of wild winds that Aeolus has given Odysseus? |
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| In his explanation to Aeolus, Odysseus places the blame for his return on his "evil crew" and one other "culprit", which he labels as "stubborn". Who is the culprit? |
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Definition
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Term
| Among the Laestrygonians, the wife of Antiphates is quite a woman. Identify the landform to which she is compared. |
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Definition
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| On the island of Aeaea, Circe's island, Odysseus feeds his men by killing a "great antlered stag". How long is the rope he fashions to bind the stag's feet so he might transport it more easily? |
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Definition
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| When the company of men sent out by Odysseus first approaches Circe's house built of polished stone, they notice that it is surrounded by two types of animals. List both: |
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Definition
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| As he makes his way to Circe's house, Odysseus encounters a "young man" who has a "hint of a moustache". What is the name of this young man? |
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Definition
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Term
| Moly is black at the root. What color is its flower? |
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Definition
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| Explain the alternative task Odysseus offers Eurylochus, convincing him instead to join the entire crew for a second visit to Circe's house. |
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Definition
| Stay behind/watch the ship/cut off his head |
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Term
| To whom has Persephone "granted/intelligence even after his death"? |
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Definition
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| What is the name of the youngest member in Odysseus's crew-who meets an unfortunate death when he falls from Circe's roof? |
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Definition
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Term
| What specific type of bird is mentioned as bringing ambrosia to Zeus? |
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Definition
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| What is the name of the only ship that has ever passed through the Wandering Rocks? |
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Definition
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| Circe's advice to Odysseus is "Better to mourn (the loss of) six (men) than" what? |
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Definition
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Term
| On the island of Thrinacia, each herd of cattle and each flock of sheep contains a specific number of animals. How many? |
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Definition
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| As the ship approached Scylla, Odysseus "forgot Circe's stern warning." Explain what Circe had warned Odysseus no to do-no matter what happened. |
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Definition
| Not to arm himself no matter what happened. |
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Term
| After Scylla has seized several members of Odysseus's crew, he views them "writhing and squirming" and compares them to a specific animal. Which animal? |
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Definition
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Term
| If Helios does not receive "just atonement for the cows" eaten by Odysseus' men, he threatens to "sink into Hades and shine on" whom? |
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Definition
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Term
| The gods showed two portents related to the doom of Odysseus' men. For one, the hides of the slaughtered cattle crawled. The other portent involved the meat on the spits. What else is unusual about the meat-both the roasted and the raw? |
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Definition
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Term
| After departing Thrinacia, Odysseus and his crew encounter a fierce storm. As the mast falls, whom does it strike, crushing his skull? |
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Definition
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Term
| On his second visit to Charybdis, Odysseus avoids destruction by grabbing onto a tree. What specific type of tree saves Odysseus? |
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Definition
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Term
| The Phaecians are generous in providing Odysseus abundant gifts. Who stows the items beneath the ship's benches so "they would not hinder the rowers' efforts"? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the name of the Phaeacian Queen in whose hands Odysseus carefully places a "two-handled cup"? |
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Definition
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| As Odysseus prepares to depart, the Phaeacian Queen sends several serving women along with a variety of items (clothing, a sea-chest, food and drink). What 2 items do the serving women "spread out/...on the stern deck" so Odysseus might sleep "undisturbed"? |
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Definition
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| After the Phaeacians safely deliver Odysseus to Ithaca, Poseidon becomes agitated, convinced that he is "not respected by mortal men". With the approval of Zeus, the "Lord of Earthquake" turns the Phaeacian ship into what substance? |
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Definition
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Term
| When Odysseus first wakens from his sleep, he does not recognize Ithaca, "his ancestral land." Who has "spread haze all around" to cause this confusion? |
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Definition
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Term
| While still confused about where he is, Odysseus encounters "a young man out herding sheep" and bearing the "features of a prince." We know otherwise. Whom has Odysseus encountered? |
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Definition
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Term
| When Athena refers to the "two shrewdest minds in the universe," who are on her list? |
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Definition
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Term
| In disguising Odysseus, Athena creates a "nice, ugly cloak" by using a piece of a specific nautical item. What sea-worthy item does she use? |
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Definition
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| Athena instructs Odysseus to visit one of his "employees" first-before heading home. His name is not mentioned, but his occupation is discussed at length. Instead of providing his name, then, provide his job as your response. |
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Definition
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| When Telemachus enters Eumaeus's home, Eumaeus gathers some green brushwood to create a seat for his young visitor. To add comfort to the seat, what does Eumaeus use to cover the wood? |
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Definition
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| Telemachus instructs Eumaeus to tell his mother "right away/That I'm safe and back from Pylos." Eumaeus asks if he should also share the news with someone else-who has been "grieving greatly for Odysseus." Who is this other person for whom Eumaeus has this concern? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who instructs Odysseus to identify himself to Telemachus and "not keep him in the dark"? |
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Definition
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| As Odysseus designs his plan to eliminate the suitors, Telemachus claims that he and his father "cannot fight against such superior numbers." He then urges Odysseus to think of someone who will help them. Odysseus mentions two prospects. Who? |
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Definition
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| Which of the suitors encourages his companions to take action promptly so Telemachus doesn't "slip through our hands again," noting that he's "shrewd" and "smart", and not likely "to let things slide"? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the suitors (his homeland is Dulichium) addresses the suitors "with good will to all" notes that it is a "serious matter to murder/someone of royal stock" and urges them to "consult/the will of the gods" before taking any action? |
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Definition
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Term
| Penelope addresses one of the suitors directly, calling him a "haughty and evil man." She also reminds him about Odysseus' kindness to his father. Which of the suitors is this? |
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Definition
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Term
| Among the household servants, who is the first to see Telemachus as he returns from his journey? |
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Definition
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Term
| In his account of his visit to Menelaus, Telemachus informs Penelope that Menelaus recalled the strength displayed by Odysseus during an athletic competition with Philomeleides. What specific type of competition is involved? |
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Definition
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| As Odysseus (disguised as a beggar) and Eumaeus prepare for the journey to town, Odysseus requests a piece of "equipment" that he may lean on as they travel. What is the piece of equipment? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the name of the goatherd who mistreats Odysseus the beggar, kicking him on the hip and trying to shove him off the path? |
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Definition
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Term
| How is Argus "related" to Odysseus? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many years have passed since Argus last saw Odysseus? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which two nations does Odysseus the beggar claim to have visited-one as a "roving pirate"; one as a captive of Dmetor? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who among the suitors refuses to give Odysseus the beggar a piece of bread, and, in fact, throws a footstool at Odysseus, hitting him in the right shoulderblade? |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe Telemachus's "action"-associated with his nose- that Penelope interprets as an omen that the suitors will "pay for this outrage". |
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Definition
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Term
| Who is known as "Icarius' wise daughter"? |
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Definition
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Term
| As Telemachus and Odysseus the beggar store the weapons, who bears a golden lamp for them? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the name of the rude servant woman who asks Odysseus the beggar if the household will "have to put up with" him all night? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the first two questions that Penelope poses to Odysseus the beggar? |
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Definition
| Who are you?/Where are you from? |
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Term
| Odysseus the beggar encourages Penelope to ask him about any topic other than two that he insist she avoid. What are these two topics? |
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Definition
| His birth/His native land |
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Term
| Which two animals are featured on the gold brooch that Odysseus and Penelope discuss? |
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Definition
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Term
| Autolycus, grandfather of Odysseus, is known as "the best man on earth/At thieving and lying." From whom did he learn these skills? |
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Definition
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Term
| Eurycleia recognizes Odysseus, and speaks words to that effect. Who "diverted (Penelope's) mind" preventing her from hearing and understanding them? |
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Definition
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Term
| Penelope mentions her dream in which twenty geese and an eagle appear. What does each animal represent? |
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Definition
Geese: Suitors
Eagle: Odysseus |
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Term
| Penelope also mentions "two gates for dreams to drift through." With what two substances are they made? |
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Definition
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Term
| From whom did Odysseus receive his bow, quiver and arrows as gift? |
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Definition
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Term
| What physical gesture does Odysseus use to signal Telemachus not to string the bow? |
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Definition
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Term
| Leodes, the suitors' soothsayer, is first among them to attempt to string the bow. We're told that he prefers to sit in the corner, near something. By which object are we told that Leodes "always sits"? |
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Definition
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Term
| In the hope that it can be strung more easily, the suitors demand that a substance be brought from the pantry for use in greasing the bow. What is the substance and its container? |
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Definition
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Term
| Odysseus pledges to reward two of his faithful servants-the cowherd and the swineherd-with several gifts. Each will receive a wife. What two other items does Odysseus promise? |
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Definition
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Term
| Should he win the contest, Odysseus the beggar is not eligible to marry Penelope. But she does offer to provide him with many prizes. One that she mentions could be used to "ward off dogs and men." What is this weapon? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who is directed to lock the doors to the hall? |
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Definition
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Term
| Philoetius uses a ship's hawser to secure the gates to the fenced courtyard. What material is used to construct the hawser? |
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Definition
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Term
| The "note" of a specific bird is mentioned as a comparison to the sound made when Odysseus plucks the string on his brow. Which bird? |
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Definition
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Term
| Eurymachus contends that Antinous had two goals in mind when he plotted with the other suitors in Odysseus' house. What are both goals? |
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Definition
| King of Ithica/Kill Telemachus |
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Term
| What is the occupation of Odysseus's servant who is allied with the suitors and who offers to bring weapons and armor from the storeroom? (Melanthius) |
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Definition
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Term
| What tactical blunder does Telemachus commit, permitting the suitors to acquire weapons |
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Definition
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Term
| Melanthius carries an old shield whose straps are unstitched. Who is this shield's former owner? |
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Definition
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Term
| Eumaeus and Philoetius capture Melanthius and hoist him high near a tall pillar. From which structure within Odysseus's storeroom in Melanthius suspended? |
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Definition
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Term
| A disguised Athena joins with Odysseus and his comrades. Among Odysseus's long time friends, whose appearance does Athena assume? |
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Definition
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Term
| Amphimedon and Ctessipus are somewhat successful in wounding Telemachus and Eumaeus. In which part of the body is each wounded? |
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Definition
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Term
| Eumaeus reminds Ctessipus's corpse of an object he had thrown at Odysseus the beggar. What is this object? |
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Definition
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Term
| Among the suitors' associates, Odysseus spares the lives of only two men, Phemius and Medon. What is the occupation of each? |
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Definition
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Term
| Of the 50 servant women in Odysseus' household, how many does Eurycleia condemn as having "shamed this house"? |
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Definition
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Term
| When Eurycleia informs Penelope of Odysseus' return home, Penelope suspects that her servant woman has succumbed to madness. Quote the two lines in which Penelope comments about wisdom, madness and foolishness. |
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Definition
| Dear nurse, the gods have driven you crazy, the Gods can even make the wise mad, just as often make the foolish wise. |
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Term
| To "test" Odysseus by noting his reaction, Penelope instructs Eurycleia to move a piece of furniture. Which one? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who are the two "colts of Dawn"? |
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Definition
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Term
| While Odysseus tells Penelope of his journey home, he mentions a nymph who "kept him there in her scalloped caves,/Yearning for him to be her husband." What is the name of the nymph to whom Odysseus refers? |
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Definition
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Term
| Odysseus informs Penelope that he must go to his farm to visit someone "who has suffered terribly/On my account." What is the name of the person whom Odysseus intends to visit? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which two men who accompany Odysseus and Telemachus as they depart the city? |
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Definition
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Term
| To help Odysseus and his companions withdraw from the city undetected, they are hidden in darkness. Who provides this assistance? |
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Definition
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Term
| A standing male figure in Greek sculpture is called: |
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Definition
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Term
| Like many tragic figures, Oedipus suffered from a weakness in character, hubris, which can be defined as: |
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Definition
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Term
| A term important to the Ancient Greeks, arete can be defined as: |
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Definition
| diligence in the pursuit of excellence |
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Term
| The principle theme of the Odyssey is: |
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Definition
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Term
| The combination of entasis, different distances and thicknesses of columns, and outward leaning entablature are all carefully designed to: |
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Definition
| Create a perfect visual appearance |
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Term
| Athena is often represented by: |
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Definition
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Term
| One of the greatest intellectual disasters of Western culture was: |
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Definition
| the burning of the library at Alexandria |
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Term
| Which of the following locations did not host games similar to those conducted at Olympia? |
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Definition
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Term
These things are associated with what culture?
-Tigres River
-Euphrates River
-Nomadic Tribes
-Precarious Survival
-Important discoveries
-Innovative Results
-Further Consequences |
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Definition
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Term
These things are associated with what culture?
-Cuneiform
-Religion
-Ziggurats
-Literature
-Math |
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Definition
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Term
These things are associated with what culture?
-Fierce Rulers
-Royal City of Ninevah
-Jonah |
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Definition
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Term
These things are associated with what culture?
-Extensive empire, Royal Road, Kings Messengers, Herodotus's Comment |
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Definition
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Term
These things are associated with what culture?
-Nile River
-Pharaohs
-Mummies
-Art (religious purposes)
-Sphinx
-Pyramids |
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Definition
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Term
Games of Ancient Greece
Location Games Award
1 Olympic Olive Wreath
2 Isthmian Pine Branch
3 Pythian Laurel Wreath
4 Nemeon Wild Celery |
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Definition
1)Olympia
2)Corinth
3)Delphi
4)Nemea |
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Term
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Definition
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Doric/Ionic/Corith Orders
-plain
-no base
-chili bowl top |
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Definition
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Term
Doric/Ionic/Corith Orders
-curled top (volute)
-base |
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Definition
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Term
Doric/Ionic/Corith Orders
-very detailed
-leafs |
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Definition
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Term
| Who is the messenger that ran to Sparta from Athens in 3 days? Then ran to Athens from Marathon? He dropped dead after delivering "Victory" message "Nike". |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the Greek Philosophers in order? 4 people(SPAA) |
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Definition
Socrates
Plato
Aristotle
Alexander |
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Term
| In Greek theater who were the 3 Tragedians? (ASE) |
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Definition
Aeschylus(Orestia Trilogy)
Sophocles(Oedipus the King)
Euripides(The Suppliant Women) |
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Term
| In Greek theater who was the famous theater guy and what was his famous play? |
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Definition
| Aristophanes (Lysistrata) |
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Term
| This was 450 feet, was up 1600 years before collapse/earthquake. |
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Definition
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Term
700,000 manuscripts
Was destroyed in 47 BCE by the Romans/Julius Caesar
Studied space/geometry |
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Definition
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Term
What culture/group/story do you associate with these names?
Odysseus
Penelope
Telemachus
Laertes
Mentor
Eurycleia
Eumaeus
Philoetius
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Definition
| Greeks/Odyssey (good guys) |
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Term
What culture/group/story do you associate with these names?
Achilles
Agamemnon
Clytemnestra
Iphigenia
Menelaus
Helen
Paroclus
Sinon |
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Definition
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Term
What culture/group/story do you associate with these names?
Zeus
Athena
Poseidon
Hermes
Aphrodite
Hera
Polyphemus
Calypso
Circe |
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Definition
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Term
What culture/group/story do you associate with these names?
Priam
Hecuba
Hector
Paris
Laocoon
Briseis |
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Definition
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Term
What culture/group/story do you associate with these names?
Antinous
Eurymachus
Amphinomus
Melanthius
Melantho |
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Definition
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