Term
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Definition
| minimum # or organisms required to cause disease. |
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Term
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Definition
| Skin, eyes (tear ducts), respiratory, digestive system, urogenital, surgical |
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Term
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Definition
| # of organisms required to cause disease in at least 50% of host population. |
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Term
| List course of Disease (6) |
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Definition
| Incubation, Prodormal period, Acme period, period of Decline, Period of Convalescence |
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Term
| What is the pathology of Bacterial Infection? |
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Definition
| Attachment, Penetration of Host defenses, Damage to Host cell/tissues, Exit of Pathogen, Transmission |
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Term
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Definition
| cause syphylis and attach directly to cell w/ hook |
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Term
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Definition
| Stimulates endocytocis by the host cell and becomes intracellular parastie. |
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Term
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Definition
-consumes glucose or sucrose
-glucose convert to polymer dextran
-attach to teeth via dextra
-biofilm formation
-acid production (fermentation)
-pH, [Ca2+] enamel goes down--> dental cavics (cavities) |
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Term
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Definition
| reduce phagocytosis by macrophage |
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Term
| M-Protein, cell wall component |
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Definition
increase adherence to tissue
decrease phagocytosis
*Streptococcus |
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Term
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Definition
kill WBC
-neutrophils & macrophages
*stap./strep. |
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Term
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Definition
RBC (erythrocytes) and WBC (leukocytes) killed
*Staph/strep |
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Term
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Definition
clot blood, pathogen walls itself off.
*staph/boil on skin |
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Term
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Definition
| break down clots that the body uses to wall off pathogen |
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Term
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Definition
| secreted to break down connective tissue (in sulovian fluid) |
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Term
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Definition
| secreted to break down connective tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| toxins, chemical release that cause tissue death |
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Term
| lecithinase (phospholipaze) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| proteins that break down proteins |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| scavage iron from plasmid (need iron for replication) |
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Term
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Definition
samonella and E.coli secrete them.
-reorganize actin cytoskeleton, promotes endocytosis and ferries bacteria around w/n in the cell. |
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Term
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Definition
Secreted by living cells (bacteria)
-tend to be G+ |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| kills cells in the GI (Gastrointestinal tract) |
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Term
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Definition
| damage or kill nerves/neurons |
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Term
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Definition
| antibiotic that binds to and neutralixes a toxin |
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Term
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Definition
| heat or chemically inactivated toxin and elicits antibody resonse |
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Term
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Definition
dimers: A= toxin, B=binding protein
Ex: Cholera toxin, Diptheria toxin (inhibits riboomes) |
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Term
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Definition
damages capilaries
-scarlet fever redness of skin
-found on plasmid
*stre. pyogenes |
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Term
|
Definition
acts at the neuromuscilar junction and block acytl choline (Ach) release
-cause flaccid paralysis
-leads to asphyxation/diaphram
-1mg=kill 1,000 Gpigs |
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Term
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Definition
acts at level of inhibitory moto neuron
-neurontransmitter release |
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Term
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Definition
LPS (lipoplysaccharide)
G- plasmid
*macrophage ingest Gram- cell, LPS causes macrophage to secrete interleukin 1 |
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Term
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Definition
1.pyrogen-aches/pains, nausea, miscarriage
2.Macrophage "eats" G- bacerium, LPS relased intracellulary, macrophage releases IL-1-->fever
3.LPS can lead to "septic shock" |
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Term
| TNF (tumor necrosis factor) |
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Definition
| LPS causes macrophages to release TNF-->septic shock |
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Term
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Definition
| coughing&sneezing, open lesions/skin wounds, insect bites, Urin/feces, removal of blood |
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Term
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Definition
| exposure to a source of pathogen |
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Term
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Definition
the location or organism where disease-causing agents exist and maintain their ability to infect
ex: reservoirs of flue are humans, pigs, birds |
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Term
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Definition
w/ obvious indications of infection or disease
-incubator
-convalescent(getting over it but still contagious) |
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Term
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Definition
| ex: medical personnel touches patient w/ unwashed hands |
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Term
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Definition
| part of the pathogen life cyle |
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Term
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Definition
pathogen reaches dead end in human host
-70% of emerging infection diseases |
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Term
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Definition
animal transmitting pathogen but not "infected"
Ex: fly on feces travels to your sandwitch |
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Term
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Definition
soil: spores (clostridium, bacillus)
water: legionella, Cholera (vibrio) |
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Term
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Definition
| infected host CAN communicate disease to another host |
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Term
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Definition
| infected host CAN'T communicate disease to anther hoste |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| vertical/horizontal transmition |
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Definition
vertical: parent-->offspring
horizontal: bog<-->mary |
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Term
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Definition
| inanimate objects with pathogen |
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Term
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Definition
| hospital acquired infection |
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Term
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Definition
short duration (days/weeks)
*influenza |
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Term
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Definition
longer duration (years)
*tuberculosis, leprosy |
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Term
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Definition
something in between acute and chronic (a few months)
*sclerosis, paraencephalitis |
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Term
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Definition
infection, but symptoms and signs come later
*shingels, HIV
-dormant not really contagious |
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Term
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Definition
a bacterium or virus that does not spread
*boil, abcess, pimple, strept throat |
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Term
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Definition
| spread throughout host body |
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Term
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Definition
infectious agent spread from initial site to new site, now confined
*pharengitis (sore throat)-->otitis media (ear infection) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| bacteria reproducing in blood |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| acute illness caused by original pathogen |
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Term
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Definition
occurs as a result of an opportunistic pathogen
-overcoming barriers, broken down by original pathogen
Ex: HIV~infects WBC
then get Klebsiella pneumonia~because immune system is broken down |
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Term
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Definition
no symptoms, but still infected
*contagious
Ex: hepititus A, poliovirus |
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Term
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Definition
| death rate due to some disease |
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Term
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Definition
| total # of infected people in a community |
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Term
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Definition
| steady frequency of disease in a defined geographic area (cold flu) |
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Term
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Definition
higher increased # of infection above expectations
-increased morbidity
ex: influenza H1N1 |
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Term
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Definition
| occasional cases at irregular intervals (rabies) |
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Term
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Definition
pathogen is epidemic on global scale
(H1N1) |
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